Departamento Académico de Economía
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/124141
El Departamento de Economía de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú fue creado en agosto de 1969 y desde entonces el equipo de profesores que lo conforman se ha caracterizado tanto por su labor docente como por su dedicación permanente a la investigación de los temas relevantes para la sociedad y la economía peruana.
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Time evolution of external shocks on macroeconomic fluctuations in Pacific Alliance countries: empirical application using TVP-VAR-SV models(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-03) Rodríguez, Gabriel; Vassallo, RenatoThis article provides empirical evidence on the evolution of the impact of external shocks on the macroeconomic dynamics of the Pacific Alliance (PA) countries. For this purpose, we estimate a family of VAR models that allows time variation (or constancy) of parameters, including the variance matrix (TVP-VAR-SV). The results suggest that: (i) fluctuations from China create the most significant and persistent responses: a 1% increase in China’s growth raises growth by 0.3%-0.4% during the first year in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico; and by 0.8% in Peru; (ii) responses to export price shocks evolve considerably over time; e.g., the impact on growth in Chile and Peru tripled in 1994-2009 and then moderated until 2019; and (iii) unexpected Fed rate increases result in significant increases in AP countries’ monetary policy rates, an effect that escalates during crisis periods and further deepens the negative impact on domestic output growth. Additionally, variance decomposition shows that external factors explained over 50% of deviations in the domestic variables considered in this work. In particular, the results show that external shock absorption over the sample is higher in Mexico and Peru. In contrast, the change in domestic dynamics in absence of external disturbances would have been milder in Chile and Colombia. Finally, we perform four robustness exercises, which imply the following modifications to the baseline model: (i) changing priors; (ii) modifying two external variables; (iii) using lowdimensional models (4, 5, and 6 variables); and (iv) expanding the model by adding a fiscal policy variable. The results do not change significantly relative to those found using the baseline model.Ítem Acceso Abierto Time-varying effects of external shocks on macroeconomic fluctuations in Peru: an empirical application using TVP-VAR- SV models(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2022-03) Rodríguez, Gabriel; Ojeda A. Cunya, JuniorThis study uses a family of VAR models with time-varying coefficients and stochastic volatility (TVP-VAR-SV) to analyze the impact of external shocks on output growth and inflation in Peru in 1992Q1-2017Q1. The statistical relevance of the models is assessed using the deviance information criterion (DIC) and the marginal log-likelihood calculated using the cross-entropy (CE) method. The results show that: (i) it is more relevant to introduce SV than TVP; i.e., the best fitting model admits only varying intercepts and SV; and TVP-VAR and CVAR are the least performing models; (ii) the models impulse response functions indicate that the impacts from external shocks are different under high inflation, economic crisis, and monetary policy change, with a greater impact in episodes of high uncertainty; (iii) the impact and importance of external shocks has increased over time; and (iv) the results are robust to changes in the priors, the lag structure, order of the variables, the external variable, and the variable for domestic economic activity.Ítem Acceso Abierto The determinants of private investment in a mining export economy. Peru: 1997-2017(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-07) Mendoza Bellido, Waldo; Collantes Goicochea, ErikaPeru is an economy where about 60 percent of exports are mineral, of which copper, in turn, represents half. What is the weight of international factors and domestic factors in determining private investment in this mining export economy? In this paper, we identify the dominant influence of international conditions on the evolution of private investment in Peru, as well as the enormous individual weight of the price of exports in this evolution. In the period 1997-2017, external factors explained 54, 64 and 38 percent of the variance in the growth rate of total private investment, mining investment, and non-mining investment, respectively; while more than, half of the weight of external factors was explained by the price of exports. On the other hand, domestic factors explained 46, 36 and 62 percent of the variance in the growth rate of total private investment, mining investment and nonmining investment; while about 40 percent of the weight of domestic factors was explained by public investment. These findings are important because they show the price of exports to be the main channel connecting private investment in Peru with the world economy, and public investment as the most effective policy variable affecting it.