Anthropologica
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/178510
ISSN: 0254-9212
e-ISSN: 2224-6428
Anthropologica del Departamento de Ciencias Sociales es una publicación de la Especialidad de Antropología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú que se edita desde 1983.
Anthropologica publica trabajos originales inéditos resultado de las investigaciones empíricas y etnográficas más recientes dentro de la antropología y disciplinas afines en el ámbito nacional e internacional, con énfasis en la región andina y amazónica. Se dirige a estudiosos de antropología, profesores universitarios, investigadores y académicos de las ciencias sociales y humanas.
La revista está compuesta por cuatro secciones: Artículos, Reseñas, Traducciones, y Testimonios para la historia de la antropología. Las temáticas dentro de estas secciones pueden ser muy variadas como se puede observar al revisar los números anteriormente publicados. Las mismas deben ser, sin embargo, relevantes a la antropología y disciplinas afines.
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado La Construcción del Poder Hídrico: Agroexportadores y Escasez de Agua Subterránea en el valle de Ica y Villacurí(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2016-12-15) Damonte Valencia, Gerardo; Gonzales Negreiros, Isabel; Lahud Vega, JulietaEl boom agroexportador en Ica ha disparado dos procesos interrelacionados: la generación de escenarios de escasez hídrica y la emergencia de un nuevo actor social en la región, el grupo agroexportador. Esto ha generado una reconfiguración de las relaciones sociales y políticas en el espacio local, donde los agroexportadores se han posicionado como el actor dominante en la gestión de los recursos hídricos subterráneos, disputando incluso los esfuerzos de regulación del Estado. Así, la pregunta que guía esta investigación es ¿cómo los agroexportadores han concentrado poder hídrico en Ica? y ¿cómo ejercen este poder? El artículo argumenta que el poder hídrico surge a partir del control del agua subterránea, control que ha recaído en manos del grupo agroexportador gracias a su capacidad de concentrar y ejercer tres dimensiones de poder: la capacidad económica, el conocimiento técnico y la coerción. En el desarrollo de este argumento, se muestra que el dominio de los agroexportadores sobre otros actores y su primacía en el control de los recursos hídricos no son facultades arrebatadas sino otorgadas, siendo legitimada por discursos de eficiencia, desarrollo regional y empleo pleno.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Surrallés, Alexandre; Espinosa, Oscar; Jabin, David (eds.) Apus, caciques y presidentes. Estado y política indígena amazónica en los países andinos. Lima: IWGIA, IFEA, PUCP, 2016.(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2018-07-17) Campanera Reig, MireiaApus, chiefs and presidents ... constitutes several achievements. First, the dissemination of the work of the international research group APOCAMPO that strives to nurture the reflection on the confluence of politics, the indigenous, the State and the Amazon, drawing a lively, contemporary composition and criticism. Second, for contributing to look at cities as indigenous spaces. And finally, for thinking the juridical as a language of relationship and political interpellation between diverse and changing social agents, whether due to tensions between indigenous, or between indigenous and non-indigenous, or even by unequal dialogue - sometimes deaf - with the State .Ítem Texto completo enlazado Encuentros y desencuentros del estado local y regional en la gestión integrada de los residuos sólidos. Una tarea pendiente en el Valle Sagrado(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2012-12-28) Tupayachi Mar, TeresaThis article and the following «The Material Politics of Waste Disposal - decentralization and integrated systems» from Penelope Harvey are published as complementary accounts on the management of solid waste in the Vilcanota Valley in Cusco. Penelope Harvey and Teresa Tupayachi worked together on this theme. In this paper, Tupayachi introduces the legal framing for the politics of waste disposal in the region. She also presents two studies that were commissioned in order to find solutions to the problem of waste disposal. The first was carried out in 2003, with finance from Finnish development cooperation funds, in co-ordination with technical experts from various universities, NGOs and state agencies, including the municipality of Urubamba. The second, a component of the Vilcanota project, was completed in 2011. The studies have things in common. Both involve regional and local government as central agents in the process, both focus their efforts to resolve the problem of solid waste management on possible technical solutions, and both are well resourced in both financial and human terms. However neither succeed in finding a way to accommodate the diverse interests and perceptions of the municipalities and of the general public. Faced with this situation local government officials, and people in general act on their own initiative, finding decentralized, and at times informal solutions to the problem, taking advantage of market opportunities.Ítem Texto completo enlazado «No matarás ni con hambre ni con balas». Las mujeres de los comedores populares autogestionarios en El Agustino durante la violencia política(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015-07-02) Minaya Rodríguez, JacquelineThe self-managed people’s kitchens (CPA) have more than thirty five years of existence since 1978. They are led by brave women who live in a poor, inmigrant and courageous Lima. They struggled with the state for their rights and demands for basic services and food policies. These women made home topics into declared public policies and were able to bear through the economic crisis of the 80s and part of the 90s, showing a highly effective way of organization in a very difficult period. In that very complex context they were able to get along with members of Sendero Luminoso (SL) who entered the shanty towns to «exacerbate contradictions» and applied their war strategies in the name of «justice».This investigation traces the trajectories of former leaders of the CPAs from the district of El Agustino, and presents their testimonies on the political violence that they lived between 1978 and 1992, and on their difficult relations with the State. This coexistence produced a very complex texture of thin threads, where living in proximitywhile keeping distance from SL were part or a more complex process.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Territorialidad y autonomía, proyectos minero-energéticos y consulta previa: el caso de los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonia ecuatoriana(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) García Serrano, FernandoFrom the review of two areas of relative state / indigenous peoples, territoriality, mining and energy projects and consultation, is to analyze the progress, setbacks and dissections lived in this relationshipduring the period 1990-2013, to contribute to the discussion of this problem in other countries experiencing similar circumstancesin Latin America. Of particular importance is the case of Ecuador to the constitutions of 1998 and 2008, in which the multiethnic and multicultural nature of the Ecuadorian State acknowledged at the first, and the plurinational and intercultural character in the second. Likewise, the indigenous movement since its emergence as an actor in national politics since 1990, has not only been a pioneer and leader in the region, but has been challenger extractivismo process carried outby the state.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Comuneros y revolución ciudadana: los casos de Otavalo y Cotacachi en Ecuador(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2013-12-06) Ortiz Crespo, SantiagoSince 2006 the indigenous political vote has split between Pachakutik and Alianza País (AP). The latter is a political movement led by Rafael Correa, currently president of Ecuador. The article seeks an explanation for this distribution of the vote, examining the political behavior of the indigenous people of the Otavalo and Cotacachico unties of the northern Ecuadorean highlands. It argues that the support for Correa can be explained by several factors: (1) the historical relationship between indigenous people and the State; (2) an electoral behaviour that combines trust in ethnic leaders and pragmatism; and (3) an expectation of «more state presence». The study is based on two surveys of leaders and local population, participant observation and interviews, as well as a document review.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Por el curso de las quebradas hacia el ‘territorio integral indígena’: autonomía, frontera y alianza entre los awajún y wampis(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Garra, Simone; Riol Gala, RaúlIn the framework of the self-determination process of ‘indigenous integral territories’ led by the Coordinadora Regional de los Pueblos Indígenas (CORPI), the Awajún and Wampis organizations have been defining their territories in a series of intra- and inter-ethnic meetings, objectifying their relationship with their respective geographic areas. In this sense, such process of indigenous autonomization interacts with State models and political institutions. In this paper,on the basis of our participation in anthropological reports to support the demand for recognition of ‘integral territories’, we try todescribe and analyze the dynamics of local autonomy, supra-local alliances and inter-ethnic borders among the Awajún and Wampis and how such dynamics have mobilized them facing the increasing pressure by the national society and global capitalism.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Una mirada al Estado desde la educación en una comunidad shipibo-conibo(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2012-12-28) Rolando, GiancarloThe State makes itself present in its citizen’s everyday life by means of the interactions in which the latter engage with those public servers labeled as Street-level bureaucrats by Michael Lipsky, such as policemen or schoolteachers. This article deals with this kind of encounters in the context of a Shipibo-Conibo community. The State that partakes in the commoners’ everyday experience, through the actions (and omissions) of the school teachers stationed in the schools located in their community, shows discriminating and colonizing nature through its actions (and omissions). Furthermore, it does not satisfy its citizens’ expectations or help them accomplish their life-projects. Given this situation, commoners demand a better educational service and respect for their ethnic particularities.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Efectos del Estado como poder del Estado: expectativa, ansiedad y temor en la cuenca media del Inambari(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2012-12-28) Lewis Denegri, FranciscoThis ethnography examines the (re)production of the Peruvian state’s power in the fabric of the everyday in the Inambari valley, located in Puno. I argue that focusing on both real and imaginary ‘State-effects’ provides us with a way of tracing the Peruvian state’s power in this context. Further, I examine the social effects of the convergence of two infrastructural projects, both geared towards global, neo-liberal integration, arguing that this convergence led to the creation of a social milieu fraught with feelings of expectation, anxiety, optimism and fear.Ítem Texto completo enlazado ¿Con o sin ancestros? Vigencia de lo ancestral en la Amazonía peruana(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Mouriès, ThomasThe existence —or not— of the concept of ancestors in the indigenous Amazon has been the subject of much debate. However, regional leaders do not hesitate to call upon ‘ancestral’ knowledge, customs, or territories in the sense that, from an academic point of view, could appear enigmatic. «Ancestral, but… with or without ancestors?» is the question a confused anthropologist might ask. In this article, I propose to offer elements of a response to this question,based on a case study in Peru. First I analyze how Amazonian indigenous leaders, following international law, have adopted the legal notion of ‘ancestral possession’ of their territory to adapt it to the political sphere. This approach accounts for the recent generalization and uniformization of the term ‘ancestral’, but poses the problem of how it articulates with the indigenous cosmologies that it supposes to reflect. For this reason, I explore in the second section the pertinence of the category of ‘ancestor’ in the indigenous Amazon, briefly drawing upon the academic debate in order to define inwhat way this category takes on meaning. Based on testimony from an experienced Awajún leader, we thus return in the third section more explicitly to the different meanings and planes of reference that unfold when one uses the term ‘ancestral’, showing how Amazonian indigenous people not only adopt external conceptual elements and arguments, but also transform them based on their own cosmological singularities and political perspectives.