(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Pineda Cárdenas, Juliana; Zuluaga Valencia, Juan Bernardo
What is it like to live without questioning the meaning of existence? This document proposes how something as common and chaotic as existential crises can find transformation and change through drama therapy. This therapeutic tool facilitates emotional expression through drama (acting, play, dramaturgy, masks, among other elements of theatrical art) and generates powerful introspection processes in participants through their self-awareness, through provocative questions posed by the drama therapist. The social symptoms of existential emptiness end up generating emotional difficulties that can even lead to the loss of life for those who experience them. For this reason, it is decided to work with young people, as they are the population most affected by this problem. In other words, drama therapy aims to propose a path that approaches the construction of the purpose for which young people want to guide their lives. It is mixed research with a phenomenological and quasi-experimental design of pretest-post-test using the Purpose In Life (PIL) instrument, developing nine drama therapy workshops as an intervention strategy with nine university students. The average scores of the pretest (91.8, 104, 120) increased after the workshops (111.4, 118, 123.50). The effectiveness of drama therapy is supported by multiple variables (teamwork, collective support, love, and the possibility of observation from the outside). Drama therapy as an intervention strategy is a different, little-researched, and innovative way of working on an emotional level, as it provides the possibility of taking action in the face of one’s destiny and the way of seeing and acting in life.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Pérez Martinto, Pedro Carlos; Vásquez Bravo, Flor Idamia; Rodríguez Vega, Juan Luis
This scientific article is part of the research-related results within the Life Sciences and Human Health Care research line. These investigations made it possible to implement a group of actions within a strategy aimed at developing social skills in a group of adolescents and a group of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who were diagnosed. To this end, we analyzed the populations of 220 adolescents attended by a Health Center, and of 262 patients with autism spectrum disorders, from the Equine Therapy Center. An intentional sample was selected, meeting an inclusive criteria group of 132 adolescents and 61 patients with ASD. The most relevant results were obtained; from the application of the instrument was the manual of social skills and the scale of Scale of assessment of social competence; It is possible to characterize the current state of the subjects and develop a group of actions for their treatment. Its application led to greater relaxation and muscle elongation for better muscle coordination by synchronizing the neuronal structure with new movement patterns; as well as better assertiveness, communication, decision-making and self-esteem.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Romera Leme, Vanessa Barbosa; Penna-de-Carvalho, Aline; Fernandes, Luana de Mendonça; dos Santos Elias, Luciana Carla
The end of the middle school is characterized by interpersonal and academic challenges, in addition to high levels of school dropout and failure. However, there are few studies that aim to investigate this period of the educational trajectory, in order to identify personal and contextual resources. Thus, this study aimed to analyze psychosocial adjustment profiles of students, considering risk factors (exposure to violence and daily discrimination), protection (social support and school climate) and adjustment indicator (life satisfaction). 709 students who attended the 7th, 8th and 9th grade of public schools participated. Through cluster analysis, profiles were identified: resilient, with high values of risk indicators with good adjustment; vulnerable, with high-risk indices and low adjustment. It is concluded that investing in the reduction of risk factors and enhancement of protective factors, through preventive programs, is essential for the development.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Cassaretto, Mónica; Martínez, Patricia; Tavera, Mariela; Salim, Alessandra
University teaching quality depends on the workforce of the institution, both teachers and administrative staff. Considering this population has been little investigated, the present study aims to know the role of variables (sociodemographic and behavioral), burnout and work engagement on physical and mental health in a group of workers in a private university in Lima, Peru. In order to achieve this goal, mental and physical health (SF-36), burnout (MBI) and work engagement (UWES) were assessed in a group of 512 university personnel from Lima, Peru. Results showed that, even when they keep a good physical functioning, there`re high report psychosomatic complaint, low energy, pain problems, overweight and poor health behavior. No differences between sex, age or type of work were found.The variables that better predicted physical and mental health were hours of sleep, work engagement, especially “vigor” component; as well as burnout components “emotional exhaustion” and “professional efficacy”. Moreover, “Cynicism” predicts mental health, but not physical health. Results provide important information about workers health promotion.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Rodríguez Garcés, Carlos; Romero Garrido, David; Espinosa Valenzuela, Denisse
Objective: to characterize sexual initiation and sexual risk behaviors that accompany the exercise of sexuality among young people between 15 and 29 years of age in Chile. Methodology: with the results of the Tenth National Youth Survey in Chile, through an inferential statistical analysis and the application of logistic regression models, the main descriptors of sexual initiation are profiled, with emphasis on precocity, formality, and preventive behaviour. Results: according to the data, young men and women initiate sexually at early ages, however, they privilege the formality of the bond and there is a greater presence of preventive behaviour compared to the last decade. Conclusions: the importance of developing socio-educational interventions aimed at modifying risky sexual behaviors, intervening mainly on young people’s attitudes towards prevention, is emphasized.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Dervishi, Eglantina; Canollari-Baze, Albana; Wiium, Nora
This study examined the relationship between Positive Youth Development (PYD) Internal and External assets and life satisfaction among Albanian adolescents. Data were collected from a sample of 409 Albanian students aged 14-19 years using the Developmental Assets Profile and the Life Satisfaction Scale. The sample included the majority group (51%) and various minority groups in Albania. Statistical analyses were conducted to explore the association between PYD assets, demographic variables, and perceived life satisfaction. The results revealed significant differences in Internal and External assets across all groups, with life satisfaction reported at a moderate positive level. Gender and minority group differences were observed in the relationship between assets and life satisfaction. The findings of this study reveal that the ten Positive Youth Development (PYD) assets serve as predictors for life satisfaction. Additionally, it was observed that the same set of ten PYD assets acts as a predictor for life satisfaction. These results provide valuable insights into the implementation of PYD strategies and the impact they have on life satisfaction within an under-researched community.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Torrado Ramos, Amarilys Mercedes; Armenta Hurtarte, Carolina
The main objective of this quantitative study with a non-experimental cross-sectional design and descriptive scope was to identify the sexual behaviors present in senior adults living in Mexico City and their differences with respect to sociodemographic characteristics, sex, current relationship status, schooling, occupation and family life at home. The non-probabilistic and convenience sample consisted of 120 participating men and women aged 60 and over. The results reveal the presence of various dyadic and genitocentric sexual behaviors in the current sexual sphere of the participants. In addition, some differences are identified by sex (woman - man), education (high school, higher education and postgraduate), occupation (retired / or - worker and current relationship status (with a partner - without a partner).
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Magro Lazo, Giancarlo Carlos; Miranda Ayala, Rafael Alberto; Oriol Granado, Xavier
This study aims to analyze the effect of victimization suffered during the COVID-19 lockdown on psychological trauma in early and late adolescents. The sample of this study comprised of 933 Peruvian adolescents, 45.5% (n= 423) were males and (54.5%) (n= 506) were females. 44.5% (n=415) were in early adolescence (12 to 13 years) and 55.5 % (n=518) were in late adolescence (14 to 17 years). Data was collected online during the COVID-19 lockdown. Results show that early adolescents who have suffered victimization have higher probabilities of suffering psychological trauma than late adolescents compared to non- victims. In addition, loneliness is observed to play a significant role as a mediator in the relationship between victimization and psychological trauma in Early Adolescents (B = .69, SE = 0.08, CI [ .53, .86]) and late adolescents (B = .66, SE = 0.07, CI [.51, .81]). Results suggests that the cost-benefit of COVID 19 lockdown should be reconsidered. Social distance could had made difficult for adolescents to stablish interpersonal relationships and solve conflicts associated with victimization. Loneliness could be an expression of these difficulties and therefore explain symptoms of psychological trauma. Finally, results are discussed in order to prevent the harmful effects of the pandemic and the measures taken on adolescent mental health, especially in middle- and low-income countries.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Brum, Rayssa Reck; Rossato Pereira, Caroline Rubin; Najar Smeha, Luciane
This study aimed to understand the repercussions of prison for female companions of imprisoned men. Twelve female companions of male prisoners participated in the study. Data were collected through a sociodemographic data questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, and submitted to Thematic Analysis. There was an important change in the women’s entire lives after the arrest of their partners, considering experiences directly related to prison, as well as repercussions on their lives in general, which went beyond direct contact with the prison context. It is considered necessary to highlight the processes to which these women are exposed, as well as to legitimize their experiences, intertwined in a process of significant increase in incarceration in Brazil.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08) Galli, Ida; Luongo, Assunta; Ramirez Cortázar, Felipe; Fasanelli, Roberto
Endometriosis is a chronic disease of the female genital tract, the etiology of which is still unclear. The purpose of this paper is to analyze, from a biopsychosocial perspective, the structure of social representations of endometriosis of women with this disease and healthy women. To this end, an exploratory survey was conducted by administering an online questionnaire. The results made it possible to identify those particular type of social representations, the controversies, articulated differently and often contradictory in their peripheral elements. These results provide a useful basis for the construction of intervention strategies to avoid the “epistemological purgatory” in which many women are forced to live due to the discrepancy between the subjective experience of endometriosis and its expert knowledge.
