Significados del trabajo terapéutico y cambio psíquico en una paciente durante un proceso de psicoterapia focal
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2022-06-14
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
DOI
Resumen
A través del estudio de un caso único, se busca describir y comprender los significados del trabajo
terapéutico para una paciente, cómo esos significados se van transformando durante el proceso y
cómo se relacionan con el cambio psíquico que se produce durante la terapia. En las doce (12)
sesiones transcritas de un caso focal, basado en la Terapia Dinámica Interpersonal (Lemma et al.,
2018), se identificaron las referencias al trabajo terapéutico y se realizó un análisis temático de sus
significados. Para observar sus variaciones, se plantearon tres ejes transversales: El trabajo
terapéutico como 1) trabajo interno hacia la mejora y el cambio, 2) una tarea en el tiempo, y 3)
una labor compartida; y se analizaron los subtemas presentados en cada fase. Por último, estos
significados fueron puestos en relación con momentos de cambio de la paciente, siguiendo la teoría
de cambio subjetivo de Krause et al. (2006). Se encontró que los significados del trabajo
terapéutico se van transformando durante la experiencia del proceso, produciéndose sentidos
nuevos, como entender la tarea como labor compartida con otro. Asimismo, estastransformaciones
van de la mano de cambios subjetivos en la paciente, como el encontrarse con sus emociones y
aceptarlas, o el valor de abrirse a otro para expresar, compartir, e incluso conocer sus propios
estados mentales. Hallazgo adicional fue el uso del lenguaje figurativo como recurso para habilitar
posibilidades expresivas en la formulación y comunicación de vivencias emocionales dolorosas o
inexploradas. Se discuten estos resultados enfatizando el impacto de los procesos terapéuticos en
modelos focales para el cambio; la necesidad de continuar el estudio del cambio subjetivo; y se
subraya el valor de explorar y trabajar sobre los significados de la tarea terapéutica compartida
para favorecer el proceso.
Through the study of a single case, this dissertation seeks to describe and understand the meanings within therapeutic work for a patient, how these meanings are transformed during the process and how they are related to the psychic change that occurs during therapy. In the twelve (12) transcribed sessions of a focal case, based on Interpersonal Dynamic Therapy (Lemma et al., 2018), references to therapeutic work were identified and a thematic analysis of their meanings was carried out. To observe its variations, three transversal axes were proposed: Therapeutic work as 1) internal work towards improvement and change, 2) a task in time, and 3) a shared duty; and the subtopics presented in each phase were analyzed. Finally, these meanings were put in relation to moments of change in the patient, following Krause's et al. (2006) theory of subjective change. It was found that the meanings of therapeutic work are transformed during the experience of the process, producing new meanings, such as understanding the task as a shared duty with another individual. Similarly, these transformations go hand in hand with subjective changes in the patient, such as facing her emotions and accepting them, or the value of opening up to another individual to express, share, and actually recognize her own mental states of mind. An additional finding is constituted by the use of figurative language as a resource to enable expressive possibilities in the formulation and communication of painful or unexplored emotional experiences. These results are discussed emphasizing the impact of therapeutic processes in focal models for change; the need to continue the study of subjective change; and the value of exploring and working on the meanings of the shared therapeutic work, to favor the process, is underlined.
Through the study of a single case, this dissertation seeks to describe and understand the meanings within therapeutic work for a patient, how these meanings are transformed during the process and how they are related to the psychic change that occurs during therapy. In the twelve (12) transcribed sessions of a focal case, based on Interpersonal Dynamic Therapy (Lemma et al., 2018), references to therapeutic work were identified and a thematic analysis of their meanings was carried out. To observe its variations, three transversal axes were proposed: Therapeutic work as 1) internal work towards improvement and change, 2) a task in time, and 3) a shared duty; and the subtopics presented in each phase were analyzed. Finally, these meanings were put in relation to moments of change in the patient, following Krause's et al. (2006) theory of subjective change. It was found that the meanings of therapeutic work are transformed during the experience of the process, producing new meanings, such as understanding the task as a shared duty with another individual. Similarly, these transformations go hand in hand with subjective changes in the patient, such as facing her emotions and accepting them, or the value of opening up to another individual to express, share, and actually recognize her own mental states of mind. An additional finding is constituted by the use of figurative language as a resource to enable expressive possibilities in the formulation and communication of painful or unexplored emotional experiences. These results are discussed emphasizing the impact of therapeutic processes in focal models for change; the need to continue the study of subjective change; and the value of exploring and working on the meanings of the shared therapeutic work, to favor the process, is underlined.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Significado (Psicología), Psicoterapia--Estudio de casos, Terapeutas, Terapia