Waru: Sistema de transporte por cable en pendiente que reduce el esfuerzo físico para la carga de cosecha del agricultor de Chillaco
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2023-02-15
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En Perú existen sectores dedicados a la agricultura tradicional de pequeña
escala, donde los agricultores carecen de herramientas apropiadas para realizar
las actividades agrícolas, lo que los expone a lesiones y accidentes. En Chillaco,
un poblado dedicado al cultivo de frutos arbóreos en pendiente, los agricultores
transportan la cosecha a pie; por lo que el excesivo peso de esta y el terreno
pedregoso ponen en riesgo su salud física. En este estudio, se revisó y analizó
información sobre temas de diseño, ergonomía, la agricultura en andenería y la
realidad socioeconómica del agricultor en el Perú. Además, se revisaron
sistemas de transporte por cable en el país, como en el extranjero y se observó
que estos productos son complejos y de alto costo. Por ello se plantea “Waru”,
un sistema de transporte por cable aéreo para pendientes, de bajo costo, que
reduce el esfuerzo físico del agricultor en el traslado de cosecha, desde la zona
de cultivo hasta la zona de clasificación del producto. Se utilizó la metodología
del Design Thinking, en la cual se realizaron estudios inductivos a través de
videos, fotografías y entrevistas virtuales con agricultores de Chillaco, para
conocer la problemática. Asimismo, fueron entrevistados los pobladores de la
comunidad para validar la propuesta. En la entrevistas se utilizaron
representaciones 3D. Los resultados demostraron que el sistema propuesto es
de bajo costo y puede reducir el esfuerzo físico del agricultor en pendientes.
In Peru there are sectors dedicated to traditional small-scale agriculture, where farmers lack the appropriate tools to carry out the agricultural activities, exposing themselves to injuries and accidents. In Chillaco, a town dedicated to the cultivation of arboreal fruits, the farmers transport the harvest on foot; reason why the excessive weight of this and the stony land put their physical health at risk. In this study, information was reviewed and analyzed on topics of focus on design, ergonomics, terraced agriculture and the socioeconomic reality of farmers in Peru. In addition, cable transportation systems in the country, as well as abroad, were reviewed; and it was observed that these products are complex and expensive. For this reason, the design of the aerial cableway transport system on slopes, Waru, is proposed, a low-cost system that reduces the physical effort of the farmer in transporting the harvest, from the cultivation area to the product classification area. The methodology used in the research was Design Thinking, in which inductive studies were carried out through videos, photographs and virtual interviews with farmers from Chillaco, to learn about the problem. Interviews were also realized in the community with the inhabitants to validate the proposal, in which 3D representations were used. The results showed that the proposed system is low cost and can reduce the physical effort of the farmer on slopes.
In Peru there are sectors dedicated to traditional small-scale agriculture, where farmers lack the appropriate tools to carry out the agricultural activities, exposing themselves to injuries and accidents. In Chillaco, a town dedicated to the cultivation of arboreal fruits, the farmers transport the harvest on foot; reason why the excessive weight of this and the stony land put their physical health at risk. In this study, information was reviewed and analyzed on topics of focus on design, ergonomics, terraced agriculture and the socioeconomic reality of farmers in Peru. In addition, cable transportation systems in the country, as well as abroad, were reviewed; and it was observed that these products are complex and expensive. For this reason, the design of the aerial cableway transport system on slopes, Waru, is proposed, a low-cost system that reduces the physical effort of the farmer in transporting the harvest, from the cultivation area to the product classification area. The methodology used in the research was Design Thinking, in which inductive studies were carried out through videos, photographs and virtual interviews with farmers from Chillaco, to learn about the problem. Interviews were also realized in the community with the inhabitants to validate the proposal, in which 3D representations were used. The results showed that the proposed system is low cost and can reduce the physical effort of the farmer on slopes.
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Transporte por cable--Diseño--Perú--Chillaco (Lima : Pueblo), Agricultores--Perú--Chillaco (Lima : Pueblo), Cultivos--Perú--Chillaco (Lima : Pueblo)
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