Intención de endeudamiento personal con tarjeta de crédito en el Ecuador
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2020-05-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Los individuos son inevitablemente confrontados a la toma de decisiones y las
consecuencias de decisiones financieras incorrectas, pueden acarrear efectos en el estilo y
calidad de vida (Braun et al., 2016). Debido a la proliferación y el acceso a las tarjetas de
crédito los individuos tienen mayor posibilidad de compras a crédito, sin embargo, aunque
muchos consumidores son capaces de utilizar correctamente la tarjeta de crédito, otros parecen
ser incapaces de manejar el gasto (Mansfield et al., 2013).
Este documento se basa en los resultados de un estudio realizado en Ecuador, país que
reporta altos niveles de endeudamiento personal. Es así, que la tendencia al endeudamiento en
los hogares ecuatorianos ha crecido de forma acelerada, tal es el caso, que entre el 2007 y 2017
existió un incremento de la cuota de pago mensual en todos los tramos de ingresos salariales
en más del 120%, además se evidenció que el ingreso promedio de los hogares ecuatorianos se
encontraba debajo de la cuota de deuda a cancelar por concepto de tarjeta de crédito
(Superintendencia de Bancos y Seguros, 2018).
Las aportaciones que este estudio plantea aborda diversos aspectos, en primer lugar se
busca aplicar la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada (Ajzen, 1991) al estudio de la intención de
endeudamiento en tarjetahabientes profesionales ampliando el alcance de estudios previos
(Braun et al., 2016; McGrath, 2016; Soman & Cheema, 2002; Wang et al., 2014). En segundo
lugar, este estudio busca demostrar con evidencia empírica las diferencias en la intención de
endeudamiento con tarjetas de créditos en tarjetahabientes de Guayaquil y Quito, como soporte
a lo expresado por los expertos en el tema, quienes consideran que el comportamiento en
relación con el dinero y propiamente al uso de la tarjeta de crédito difiere entre estas dos
ciudades del país. En tercer lugar, este estudio busca aportar con la inclusión de una dimensión
para la medición de la actitud hacia la tarjeta de crédito no incluida en estudios previos y que
es relevante para la investigación planteada.
Individuals are inevitably confronted with decision-making and the consequences of incorrect financial decisions can have effects on style and quality of life (Braun, Mendes-Da- Silva, Flores, & Norvilitis, 2016). Due to the proliferation and access to credit cards individuals have greater possibilities of purchases on credit, however, although many consumers are able to use the credit card correctly, others seem to be unable to manage the expense (Mansfield et al., 2013). This document is based on the results of a study conducted in Ecuador, a country that reports high levels of personal indebtedness. The tendency to indebtedness in Ecuadorian households has grown rapidly, such is the case, that between 2007 and 2011 there was an increase in the monthly payment in all sections of wage income in more than 120%, it was also evident that the average income of Ecuadorian households was below the debt to be paid as a credit card (Superintendency of Banks and Insurance, 2014). The contributions that this study proposes address aspects, first of all we seek to apply the Theory of Planned Conduct (Ajzen, 1991) to the study of the intention of indebtedness in professional cardholders expanding the scope of previous studies (Braun et al., 2016; McGrath, 2016; Soman & Cheema, 2002; Wang et al., 2014). Secondly, this study seeks to demonstrate with empirical evidence the differences in the intention of indebtedness with credit cards in card holders of Guayaquil and Quito, as a support to what was expressed by the experts in the subject, who consider that the behavior in relation to the money and properly to the use of the credit card differs between these two cities of the country. In the third place, this study seeks to contribute with the inclusion of a dimension for the measurement of the attitude towards the credit card not included in previous studies and that is relevant for the proposed research.
Individuals are inevitably confronted with decision-making and the consequences of incorrect financial decisions can have effects on style and quality of life (Braun, Mendes-Da- Silva, Flores, & Norvilitis, 2016). Due to the proliferation and access to credit cards individuals have greater possibilities of purchases on credit, however, although many consumers are able to use the credit card correctly, others seem to be unable to manage the expense (Mansfield et al., 2013). This document is based on the results of a study conducted in Ecuador, a country that reports high levels of personal indebtedness. The tendency to indebtedness in Ecuadorian households has grown rapidly, such is the case, that between 2007 and 2011 there was an increase in the monthly payment in all sections of wage income in more than 120%, it was also evident that the average income of Ecuadorian households was below the debt to be paid as a credit card (Superintendency of Banks and Insurance, 2014). The contributions that this study proposes address aspects, first of all we seek to apply the Theory of Planned Conduct (Ajzen, 1991) to the study of the intention of indebtedness in professional cardholders expanding the scope of previous studies (Braun et al., 2016; McGrath, 2016; Soman & Cheema, 2002; Wang et al., 2014). Secondly, this study seeks to demonstrate with empirical evidence the differences in the intention of indebtedness with credit cards in card holders of Guayaquil and Quito, as a support to what was expressed by the experts in the subject, who consider that the behavior in relation to the money and properly to the use of the credit card differs between these two cities of the country. In the third place, this study seeks to contribute with the inclusion of a dimension for the measurement of the attitude towards the credit card not included in previous studies and that is relevant for the proposed research.
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Endeudamiento personal--Ecuador, Tarjetas de crédito--Ecuador
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