El derecho de propiedad comunal del pueblo indígena Kichwas en la región San Martín, en el marco del Convenio 169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) en el año 2020
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2022-03-24
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo describir y determinar la
situación actual que atraviesan los pobladores de la comunidad indígena Kichwua en la
región San Martin, quienes exigen al estado peruano el saneamiento, demarcación y
titulación de sus tierras ancestrales, la misma que se encuentra superposicionada dentro
de la demarcación territorial del Área de Conservación Nacional - Cerro Escalera, por lo
que existe un gran obstáculo en el proceso de titulación a realizarse, debido a que el estado
ha publicado en el diario oficial El Peruano la Resolución Ministerial N° 0443-2019-
MINAGRI de fecha 12 de diciembre del 2019, la misma que aprueba los “Lineamientos
para la demarcación de tierras de las comunidades nativas”, norma que pese a buscar
contribuir al proceso de saneamiento físico legal y formalización del territorio de las
comunidades de la Amazonía Peruana, afecta de manera directa el proceso de titulación
que tanto viene exigiendo la comunidad nativa Kichwua en la región San Martin desde el
año 2016, esto en merito a que el artículo 6.6.6 inciso b) de la respectiva resolución se
describe lo siguiente “si en la fase de recopilación de información, se determina la
superposición de una comunidad nativa con ANP, se procederá a la demarcación de
aquellas que han sido reconocidas formalmente con fecha previa al establecimiento del
ANP, conforme a la normatividad vigente” (…), lo cual dicha resolución directoral es
discriminatorio y viola los derechos colectivos de la comunidad nativa Kichwua en la
región San Martin.
Por lo que el presente trabajo concluye que el derecho de propiedad comunal en la
comunidad nativa Kichwua en la región San Martin viene siendo vulnerado
constantemente por las autoridades nacionales y regionales al no concluir la no
delimitación, demarcación y titulación de sus tierras, la misma que vienen exigiéndolo
por muchos años, ante ello los miembros de la comunidad no cuenta con un documento
legal o título de propiedad que avale su titularidad como propietarios de dichos predios,
esto con la finalidad de solicitar a las autoridades judiciales el desalojo a los migrantes
posesionarios de manera precarias, quienes viene ocasionando actividades ilícitas en
dichas tierras comunales, como la tala ilegal de árboles, la contaminación de la tierra y
los ríos, la siembra de coca, la minería ilegal, etc., no cumpliendo el estado peruano lo
establecido en el convenio 169 de la OIT.
The objective of this research work is to describe and determine the current situation that the inhabitants of the Kichwua indigenous community in the San Martin region are going through, who demand from the Peruvian state the sanitation, demarcation and titling of their ancestral lands, the same that is currently superimposed within the territorial demarcation of the National Conservation Area - Cerro Escalera, so there is a great obstacle in the titling process to be carried out, because the state has published Ministerial Resolution No. 0443 in the official newspaper El Peruano- 2019-MINAGRI dated December 12, 2019, which approves the “Guidelines for the demarcation of lands of native communities”, a norm that despite seeking to contribute to the process of legal physical sanitation and formalization of the territory of the communities of the Peruvian Amazon, directly affects the titling process that the native Kichwu community has been demanding so much a in the San Martin region since 2016, this is due to the fact that article 6.6.6 subsection b) of the respective resolution describes the following “if in the information gathering phase, the overlap of a native community is determined with ANP, the demarcation of those that have been formally recognized prior to the establishment of the ANP, in accordance with current regulations ”(…), which said directorial resolution is discriminatory and violates the collective rights of the native Kichwua community in the San Martin region. Therefore, the present work concludes that the right to communal property in the Kichwua native community in the San Martin region has been constantly violated by national and regional authorities by not concluding the non-delimitation, demarcation and titling of their lands, the same as They have been demanding it for many years, before this the members of the community do not have a legal document or property title that guarantees their ownership as owners of said properties, this with the purpose of requesting the judicial authorities to evict the migrant possessors of precarious ways, who have been causing illegal activities in said communal lands, such as illegal felling of trees, contamination of the land and rivers, coca planting, illegal mining, etc., the Peruvian state not complying with what is established in the ILO Convention 169.
The objective of this research work is to describe and determine the current situation that the inhabitants of the Kichwua indigenous community in the San Martin region are going through, who demand from the Peruvian state the sanitation, demarcation and titling of their ancestral lands, the same that is currently superimposed within the territorial demarcation of the National Conservation Area - Cerro Escalera, so there is a great obstacle in the titling process to be carried out, because the state has published Ministerial Resolution No. 0443 in the official newspaper El Peruano- 2019-MINAGRI dated December 12, 2019, which approves the “Guidelines for the demarcation of lands of native communities”, a norm that despite seeking to contribute to the process of legal physical sanitation and formalization of the territory of the communities of the Peruvian Amazon, directly affects the titling process that the native Kichwu community has been demanding so much a in the San Martin region since 2016, this is due to the fact that article 6.6.6 subsection b) of the respective resolution describes the following “if in the information gathering phase, the overlap of a native community is determined with ANP, the demarcation of those that have been formally recognized prior to the establishment of the ANP, in accordance with current regulations ”(…), which said directorial resolution is discriminatory and violates the collective rights of the native Kichwua community in the San Martin region. Therefore, the present work concludes that the right to communal property in the Kichwua native community in the San Martin region has been constantly violated by national and regional authorities by not concluding the non-delimitation, demarcation and titling of their lands, the same as They have been demanding it for many years, before this the members of the community do not have a legal document or property title that guarantees their ownership as owners of said properties, this with the purpose of requesting the judicial authorities to evict the migrant possessors of precarious ways, who have been causing illegal activities in said communal lands, such as illegal felling of trees, contamination of the land and rivers, coca planting, illegal mining, etc., the Peruvian state not complying with what is established in the ILO Convention 169.
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Áreas protegidas--Perú--San Martín, Comunidades nativas--Perú--San Martín, Derecho de propiedad--Legislación--Perú
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