Algunas cuestiones planteadas por el asesinato selectivo del general Soleimani
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2020-10-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial
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El asesinato del general iraní, Qasem Soleimani, el 3 de enero de 2020 por un ataque aéreo estadounidense con dron, plantea algunas cuestiones de derecho internacional. Por lo que respecta al derecho de los conflictos armados, cabe preguntarse si esta acción es parte de un conflicto armado ya existente; si no existía un conflicto armado entre Estados Unidos e Irán antes del asesinato de Soleimani, cabe entonces preguntarse si esta misma acción, de por sí, ha provocado el comienzo de un conflicto armado entre los dos países. Establecido que EE. UU. e Irán no habrían actuado en el marco del jus in bello, cabe evaluar el asesinato de Soleimani en el marco del derecho del uso de la fuerza, es a decir del jus ad bellum. En este ámbito, la interpretación y aplicación del derecho de legítima defensa, invocado por los Estados Unidos suscita dudas.
The targeted killing of Iranian general, Qasem Soleimani, on 3 January 2020 by a drone strike by the United States, raises some international law issues. With regard to the law of armed conflict, it may be asked whether this action is part of an existing armed conflict; if there was no armed conflict between the United States and Iran prior to the assassination of Soleimani, the question then arises as to whether this same action, in itself, has led to the beginning of an armed conflict between the two countries. Established that the United States and Iran would not be acting within the framework of the jus in bello, the assassination of Soleimani can be assessed in the context of the right to use force, that is, the jus ad bellum. In this context, the interpretation and application of the right of self-defence invoked by the United States raises doubts.
The targeted killing of Iranian general, Qasem Soleimani, on 3 January 2020 by a drone strike by the United States, raises some international law issues. With regard to the law of armed conflict, it may be asked whether this action is part of an existing armed conflict; if there was no armed conflict between the United States and Iran prior to the assassination of Soleimani, the question then arises as to whether this same action, in itself, has led to the beginning of an armed conflict between the two countries. Established that the United States and Iran would not be acting within the framework of the jus in bello, the assassination of Soleimani can be assessed in the context of the right to use force, that is, the jus ad bellum. In this context, the interpretation and application of the right of self-defence invoked by the United States raises doubts.
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Jus in bello, Conflicto armado, Jus ad bellum, Legítima defensa, Legítima defensa preventiva, Legítima defensa precautoria
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