La resolución por incumplimiento como remedio jurídico en los escenarios de incumplimientos recíprocos en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Cuando dos partes celebran un contrato con prestaciones recíprocas, ninguna de ellas
espera que su contraparte incumpla sus obligaciones; mucho menos, que sean ambas partes quienes
incumplan el contrato. A pesar de ello, en la praxis transaccional, se ha vuelto común que nos
encontremos ante situaciones de incumplimientos recíprocos, las cuales ameritan una respuesta
por parte del ordenamiento jurídico. En el caso peruano, nuestro ordenamiento no ha brindado
remedios jurídicos específicos frente a los escenarios de mutuo incumplimiento. Nuestra
jurisprudencia y doctrina tampoco han abordado a profundidad esta problemática, a diferencia de
lo que ocurre en otros países del civil law.
Es por ello que el presente trabajo de investigación busca sustentar la aplicabilidad de la
resolución por incumplimiento como remedio jurídico ante los incumplimientos recíprocos, salvo
en determinados casos. A partir de esta premisa, vamos a presentar las principales particularidades
de la resolución por incumplimientos recíprocos, tales como los presupuestos de este remedio y
los efectos jurídicos aplicables. Finalmente, el presente trabajo académico explicará cuáles son las
limitaciones ante esta propuesta y sus posibles soluciones.
When two parties enter into a contract with reciprocal obligations, neither of them expects that their counterpart will breach their obligations; much less do they anticipate both parties breaching the contract. However, in transactional practice, we often encounter situations of mutual non-compliance, which require a response from the legal system. In the Peruvian context, our legal framework has not provided specific remedies for scenarios of mutual breach. Additionally, our jurisprudence and legal doctrine have not thoroughly addressed this issue, unlike other civil law countries. Therefore, this research aims to substantiate the applicability of termination for breach as a legal remedy for reciprocal breaches in the Peruvian legal system, except in certain cases. Based on this premise, we will present the main characteristics of termination for reciprocal breaches, including the prerequisites for applying this remedy and its legal effects. Finally, this academic work will explain the limitations of this proposal and potential solutions.
When two parties enter into a contract with reciprocal obligations, neither of them expects that their counterpart will breach their obligations; much less do they anticipate both parties breaching the contract. However, in transactional practice, we often encounter situations of mutual non-compliance, which require a response from the legal system. In the Peruvian context, our legal framework has not provided specific remedies for scenarios of mutual breach. Additionally, our jurisprudence and legal doctrine have not thoroughly addressed this issue, unlike other civil law countries. Therefore, this research aims to substantiate the applicability of termination for breach as a legal remedy for reciprocal breaches in the Peruvian legal system, except in certain cases. Based on this premise, we will present the main characteristics of termination for reciprocal breaches, including the prerequisites for applying this remedy and its legal effects. Finally, this academic work will explain the limitations of this proposal and potential solutions.