Informe sobre Sentencia de Casación N° 4966-2024: La penalidad contractual como gasto deducible
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
El presente informe jurídico aborda la controversia sobre la deducibilidad de los
gastos por penalidades derivadas del incumplimiento contractual para efectos de
la determinación del Impuesto a la Renta, puesto que existen posturas
divergentes entre el Tribunal Fiscal, que acepta su deducción bajo ciertos
criterios, y la Corte Suprema, cuya posición ha resultado diversa y contradictoria,
al admitir o denegar dicha deducción.
En ese contexto, se analizará la Sentencia de Casación N° 4966-2024-LIMA,
mediante la cual se desestima la deducción de las penalidades contractuales
moratorias al considerar que no cumplen con el principio de causalidad previsto
en el artículo 37° de la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta, pues no contribuyen con la
generación de la renta gravada.
A partir de ello, el presente informe se centrará en analizar sobre la interpretación
del principio de causalidad, la naturaleza jurídica y funciones de las penalidades
contractuales, la documentación para acreditar el gasto, entre otros.
The legal report addresses the controversy on the deductibility of penalty expenses derived from breach of contract for income tax purposes, since there are divergent positions between the Tax Court, which accepts their deduction under certain criteria, and the Supreme Court, whose position has been diverse and contradictory, admitting or denying such deduction. In this context, this report analyzes Supreme Court Judgment N° 4966-2024- LIMA, through which the deduction of contractual penalty payments for delay is rejected, considering that such expenses do not comply with the principle of causality established in Article 37 of the Income Tax Law, as it do not contribute to the generation of taxable income. Based on this, the report focuses on analyzing the interpretation of the principle of causality, the legal nature and functions of contractual penalties, the documentation required to substantiate the expense, among other related issues.
The legal report addresses the controversy on the deductibility of penalty expenses derived from breach of contract for income tax purposes, since there are divergent positions between the Tax Court, which accepts their deduction under certain criteria, and the Supreme Court, whose position has been diverse and contradictory, admitting or denying such deduction. In this context, this report analyzes Supreme Court Judgment N° 4966-2024- LIMA, through which the deduction of contractual penalty payments for delay is rejected, considering that such expenses do not comply with the principle of causality established in Article 37 of the Income Tax Law, as it do not contribute to the generation of taxable income. Based on this, the report focuses on analyzing the interpretation of the principle of causality, the legal nature and functions of contractual penalties, the documentation required to substantiate the expense, among other related issues.
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Impuesto a la renta--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho tributario--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Exención de impuestos--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Contratos--Incumplimiento, Causalidad (Derecho)
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