Publicidad digital y competencia desleal en el Perú: análisis del caso Optical Technologies S.A.C. vs. América Móvil Perú S.A.C. (Resolución N° 93-2023/SDC/INDECOPI)
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El trabajo analiza críticamente la Resolución N° 093-2023/SDC (América Móvil
vs. Optical Technologies), que sanciona la campaña digital de Ultra. El objetivo
principal es determinar si los mensajes publicitarios —“100 % estable, sin
caídas ni interrupciones”, “el internet de fibra óptica más rápido del país”, “el
mejor internet del país”, “único internet por fibra para hogares”, testimonios en
YouTube/Instagram y el video del influencer IOA— difundidos en redes sociales
y la página web de la empresa, constituyeron actos de engaño y/o denigración.
Para fundamentar la crítica, el estudio emplea como principal instrumento
normativo el Decreto Legislativo N°1044. Además, para una comprensión de la
normativa sectorial de telecomunicaciones, también se emplea el Reglamento
General de Calidad de los Servicios Públicos de Telecomunicaciones. De otra
parte, se cuenta con una revisión de doctrina especializada en competencia
desleal tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Finalmente, se incluye la
revisión de lineamientos y guías institucionales en lo que fuera pertinente.
Los resultados de la investigación concluyen que, en general, la Sala realizó un
adecuado análisis al sancionar por la comisión de actos de engaño. Sin
embargo, hubo deficiencias en su análisis relacionados al tratamiento de la
afirmación “el mejor internet del país” en el contexto del mercado de
telecomunicaciones, la omisión del análisis del contenido de las afirmaciones
de supuestos testigos pese a ser publicidad comercial, así como no abordar la
condición de IOA como influencer y de testigo.
This paper critically analyzes Resolution No. 093-2023/SDC (América Móvil vs. Optical Technologies), which sanctions Ultra's digital campaign. The main objective is to determine whether the advertising messages—"100% stable, without drops or interruptions," "the fastest fiber optic internet in the country," "the best internet in the country," "the only fiber optic internet for homes," testimonials on YouTube/Instagram, and the video by influencer IOA—disseminated on social media and the company's website constituted acts of deception and/or denigration. To support this critique, the study uses Legislative Decree No. 1044 as its main regulatory instrument. Furthermore, to understand telecommunications sector regulations, the General Regulation on the Quality of Public Telecommunications Services is also used. Furthermore, a review of specialized doctrine on unfair competition at both the national and international levels is included. Finally, a review of institutional guidelines and guidelines is included, where relevant. The results of the investigation conclude that, overall, the Court conducted an adequate analysis when imposing sanctions for acts of deception. However, there were deficiencies in its analysis related to the treatment of the claim "the best internet in the country" in the context of the telecommunications market, the failure to analyze the content of the statements made by alleged witnesses despite the fact that they were commercial advertising, and the failure to address IOA's status as an influencer and witness.
This paper critically analyzes Resolution No. 093-2023/SDC (América Móvil vs. Optical Technologies), which sanctions Ultra's digital campaign. The main objective is to determine whether the advertising messages—"100% stable, without drops or interruptions," "the fastest fiber optic internet in the country," "the best internet in the country," "the only fiber optic internet for homes," testimonials on YouTube/Instagram, and the video by influencer IOA—disseminated on social media and the company's website constituted acts of deception and/or denigration. To support this critique, the study uses Legislative Decree No. 1044 as its main regulatory instrument. Furthermore, to understand telecommunications sector regulations, the General Regulation on the Quality of Public Telecommunications Services is also used. Furthermore, a review of specialized doctrine on unfair competition at both the national and international levels is included. Finally, a review of institutional guidelines and guidelines is included, where relevant. The results of the investigation conclude that, overall, the Court conducted an adequate analysis when imposing sanctions for acts of deception. However, there were deficiencies in its analysis related to the treatment of the claim "the best internet in the country" in the context of the telecommunications market, the failure to analyze the content of the statements made by alleged witnesses despite the fact that they were commercial advertising, and the failure to address IOA's status as an influencer and witness.
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Competencia desleal--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Protección del consumidor--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Telecomunicaciones--Legislación--Perú, Servicios públicos--Legislación--Perú
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