Representaciones del cáncer en jóvenes con y sin esta enfermedad
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2015-09-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación compara el contenido de las representaciones del cáncer en jóvenes entre 18 y 25 años, con y sin esta enfermedad. Con dicho fin, se evaluaron a 70 jóvenes (30 pacientes oncológicos y 40 jóvenes no pacientes) mediante el instrumento Red de Asociaciones. Se realizó una medición cuantitativa de los componentes actitudinales de las representaciones (índice de polaridad y neutralidad) y una medición cualitativa mediante el análisis semántico de los contenidos evocados. De manera general, se encontró que las representaciones del cáncer están asociadas a contenidos de muerte, reacciones emocionales negativas, recursos personales y soporte social durante el proceso de enfermedad; contenidos que fueron difiriendo en frecuencia según grupo. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos, ante los contenidos relacionados con muerte, efectos positivos ante soporte social e impacto físico del cáncer. Asimismo, el índice de polaridad mostró que los jóvenes no pacientes presentaron una actitud más negativa hacia el cáncer, siendo los pacientes oncológicos quienes muestran un balance entre una actitud positiva y negativa hacia esta enfermedad. Se discutieron los resultados tomando en cuenta un enfoque estructural de las representaciones.
The aim of this study is to compare the content of cancer representations in young adults aged between 18 and 25 years, with and without disease. To this end, 70 young adults (30 cancer patients and 40 healthy non- patients) were evaluated with the Associative Network tool. A quantitative measurement of attitudinal components of representations (polarity index and neutrality) and a qualitive measurement through semantic analysis of evoked contents were performed with this tool. In general, it was found that the representations of cancer are associated with negative emotional reactions, death, personal resources and social support during the disease process; contents that were differing in frequency according to the group. In addition, significant differences between the two groups were found in the contents related to death, positive reactions to social support and physical impact of cancer. Also, the polarity index showed that young adults without cancer had a more negative attitude towards this disease; however, cancer patients showed a balance between a positive and negative attitude. The results were discussed from a structural approach to the representations.
The aim of this study is to compare the content of cancer representations in young adults aged between 18 and 25 years, with and without disease. To this end, 70 young adults (30 cancer patients and 40 healthy non- patients) were evaluated with the Associative Network tool. A quantitative measurement of attitudinal components of representations (polarity index and neutrality) and a qualitive measurement through semantic analysis of evoked contents were performed with this tool. In general, it was found that the representations of cancer are associated with negative emotional reactions, death, personal resources and social support during the disease process; contents that were differing in frequency according to the group. In addition, significant differences between the two groups were found in the contents related to death, positive reactions to social support and physical impact of cancer. Also, the polarity index showed that young adults without cancer had a more negative attitude towards this disease; however, cancer patients showed a balance between a positive and negative attitude. The results were discussed from a structural approach to the representations.
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Cáncer--Aspectos psicológicos, Cáncer--Pacientes, Jóvenes--Investigaciones
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