Diferencia salarial por género en ejecutivos peruanos en Lima Metropolitana
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2017-03-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la presente investigación se describen cuáles son los factores que determinan la diferencia
salarial por género en ejecutivos peruanos en Lima Metropolitana y su impacto en cada
factor. Dicho estudio se realizó considerando los siguientes factores: (a) estereotipos por
género, (b) prejuicios por género, (c) cultura organizacional y (d) educación. Asimismo, esta
investigación se basó en un estudio cualitativo, con propósito descriptivo y explicativo, y
sustentado en casos múltiples bajo un diseño holístico, con 27 casos de estudio de ejecutivos
peruanos. Los resultados muestran, en primer lugar que, ausencia por maternidad y prioridad
familiar de la mujer son los factores con mayor relevancia relacionados a los prejuicios por
género; y en segundo lugar, el hombre provee y la mujer encargada de la casa son factores
que impactan en dicha diferencia relacionados a los estereotipos. Cabe mencionar que la
decisión de la mujer de no crecer gerencialmente es un factor relevante encontrado en la
investigación y que no fue considerado inicialmente. Por lo antes mencionado, se recomienda
que el Estado y las instituciones involucradas hagan fuerza en pro de la equidad salarial por
género, enfocados en factores sociales y culturales, así como en el trabajo con las futuras
generaciones, desde la formación en casa hasta la educación en los diferentes niveles.
Además, las organizaciones, a través de políticas de equidad, deben fomentar un ambiente
laboral óptimo, mediante condiciones que permitan encontrar un equilibrio entre la vida
laboral y familiar, y en beneficio de una sociedad justa e igualitaria
This research describes which factors determine the income difference, based on gender, of the Peruvian executive managers in Metropolitan Lima and its impact in each of those factors. This study was conducted considering the following factors: (a) the stereotypes per gender, (b) the prejudices per gender, (c) the organizational culture and (d) the education. Also, this research was based on a qualitative study, with descriptive and explanatory purposes, and supported by multiple cases under a holistic design, with 27 case studies of Peruvian executive managers. The results show, first of all, that maternity leave of absence and the prioritization of the family by women are the most relevant factors related to the prejudices per gender; and secondly, the man is the provider and the woman is entrusted with the household are factors that cause impact in such difference involving the stereotypes. It is worth mentioning that the woman’s decision not to grow in management is a relevant factor observed in the research and that it had not been taken into account from the very beginning. Accordingly, it is recommended that the state and the institutions involved may join forces in favor of salary equity, based on gender, focused in social and cultural factors, as well as in the work with the future generations, from homeschooling up to the education at the different levels. Furthermore, the organizations should foster an optimal work environment through equity policies, as well as conditions that may allow finding a balance between work and family life, in order to achieve a fair and equal society
This research describes which factors determine the income difference, based on gender, of the Peruvian executive managers in Metropolitan Lima and its impact in each of those factors. This study was conducted considering the following factors: (a) the stereotypes per gender, (b) the prejudices per gender, (c) the organizational culture and (d) the education. Also, this research was based on a qualitative study, with descriptive and explanatory purposes, and supported by multiple cases under a holistic design, with 27 case studies of Peruvian executive managers. The results show, first of all, that maternity leave of absence and the prioritization of the family by women are the most relevant factors related to the prejudices per gender; and secondly, the man is the provider and the woman is entrusted with the household are factors that cause impact in such difference involving the stereotypes. It is worth mentioning that the woman’s decision not to grow in management is a relevant factor observed in the research and that it had not been taken into account from the very beginning. Accordingly, it is recommended that the state and the institutions involved may join forces in favor of salary equity, based on gender, focused in social and cultural factors, as well as in the work with the future generations, from homeschooling up to the education at the different levels. Furthermore, the organizations should foster an optimal work environment through equity policies, as well as conditions that may allow finding a balance between work and family life, in order to achieve a fair and equal society
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Discriminación basada en el sexo, Salarios
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