Sentido de comunidad en un contexto de violencia comunitaria
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2012-12-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El siguiente estudio analiza cómo es el sentido de comunidad, de un grupo de personas que
viven en un asentamiento humano en un distrito del cono este de Lima, en el cual se dan
procesos de violencia comunitaria. Para este fin se ha optado por una metodología mixta con
un diseño en paralelo, aplicando la Escala de Sentido de Comunidad, SCI-2 (Chavis, D.M., Lee,
K.S., y Acosta J.D.; 2008), un ítem para medir el nivel de peligro percibido a través de una
escala likert, y cinco entrevistas individuales a los pobladores. Los resultados muestran que
mientras mayor peligro se perciba en la zona, menor es el sentido de comunidad. Así mismo,
se observa que en este grupo de personas el sentido de comunidad se apoya sobre todo en la
conexión emocional compartida y el fuerte sentimiento de membresía. Por el contrario, la
dificultad para satisfacer sus necesidades colectivas por medio de la organización, y la débil
relación que existe entre los pobladores y los dirigentes merma y deteriora el sentido de
comunidad en este grupo.
The present study analyzes the sense of community of a group of people that live in a shanty town located in a district in the east periphery of Lima, in which there is community violence. For this purpose a mixed method with a parallel design has been used applying the Sense of Community Index, SCI-2 (Chavis, D.M., Lee, K.S., y Acosta J.D.; 2008), a question for measuring the level of perceived danger, and individual interviews to the settlers. The results show that whereas the level of perceived violence in the neighborhood increases the sense of community decreases. Furthermore it is found that in this group of people the sense of community is based more on the shared emotional connection and on the strong sense of membership. Par contraire, the difficulty to fulfill collective needs through organization, and the weak relationship between the people and the leaders, diminishes and deteriorates the sense of community in this group.
The present study analyzes the sense of community of a group of people that live in a shanty town located in a district in the east periphery of Lima, in which there is community violence. For this purpose a mixed method with a parallel design has been used applying the Sense of Community Index, SCI-2 (Chavis, D.M., Lee, K.S., y Acosta J.D.; 2008), a question for measuring the level of perceived danger, and individual interviews to the settlers. The results show that whereas the level of perceived violence in the neighborhood increases the sense of community decreases. Furthermore it is found that in this group of people the sense of community is based more on the shared emotional connection and on the strong sense of membership. Par contraire, the difficulty to fulfill collective needs through organization, and the weak relationship between the people and the leaders, diminishes and deteriorates the sense of community in this group.
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Psicología comunitaria, Violencia--Aspectos sociales
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