Las comunidades de aprendizaje profesional: el desarrollo profesional de los docentes prácticos-reflexivos
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2023-03-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta tesis se inscribe en la línea de investigación sobre la formación docente. Busca
comprender cómo se desarrollan las comunidades de aprendizaje profesional (CAP) en la
escuela y su aporte al desarrollo profesional docente a través de la práctica reflexiva. Se
plantea la investigación a partir de la filosofía del pragmatismo, de referentes teóricos
sobre la reflexión y el aprendizaje entre pares.
Es un estudio cualitativo de caso múltiple realizado en cuatro escuelas públicas del Perú,
en las ciudades de Trujillo, Sullana, Cusco y Pucallpa. La recolección de datos se realizó
en el 2020 y 2021 durante la educación remota con uso de técnicas Ciberetnográficas a
través de la plataforma Zoom.
En cuanto a la organización, la CAP es un espacio organizado y estructurado para la
reflexión de la práctica pedagógica de los docentes. Se identificaron seis dimensiones que
interactúan de manera holística. Las dimensiones organizacional, interpersonal,
participativa y emocional dan soporte al desarrollo de la dimensión pedagógica y
reflexiva.
Sobre el desarrollo profesional docente, los resultados mostraron que los directivos
cumplen un rol clave y lideran la CAP desde el ejercicio de su propio liderazgo
pedagógico y distribuido. En la CAP el aprendizaje entre pares es colaborativo desde la
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reflexión social y les permite desprivatizar su práctica pedagógica así como salir del
aislamiento del aula.
Las percepciones de los docentes fueron positivas y se valora principalmente que los
temas de la CAP estén estrechamente ligados a su actividad en el aula lo que les permite
resolver las dificultades de su práctica con inmediatez. Este aprendizaje establece un
puente entre su formación inicial y continua, y genera en ellos confianza, seguridad y
autonomía en su actividad profesional.
El aporte de esta tesis radica en el análisis crítico del desarrollo profesional docente en
las CAP a través de la práctica reflexiva.
This research is inserted in the teacher training line of research. Its goal is to understand the way professional learning communities (PLC) develop in school and their contribution to teacher professional advancement through reflective practice. Research is proposed from the philosophy of pragmatism, of theoretical referents on reflection and peer learning. This is a qualitative, multiple-case study carried out in four public schools in Peru, in the cities of Trujillo, Sullana, Cusco and Pucallpa. Data was collected in 2020 and 2021 during the remote education using virtual ethnographic techniques through the Zoom platform. With regard to organization, a PLC is an organized and structured space to reflect on the teachers’ pedagogical practice. Six dimensions interacting holistically were identified. The organizational, interpersonal, participatory, and emotional dimensions support the development of the pedagogical and reflective dimensions. With respect to teachers’ professional development, the results showed that directors play a key role and lead PLCs from the exercise of their own pedagogical and distributed leadership. At the PLC, peer learning is collaborative from social reflection and makes it possible for them to deprivatize their pedagogical practice and to leave the isolation of the classroom. 7 The teachers' perceptions were positive, and they mainly valued the fact that PLC topics are closely linked to their classroom activity, which allows them to solve the difficulties of their practice with immediacy. This learning bridges a gap between their initial and continuous education, and generates confidence, security, and autonomy in their professional activity. The contribution of this research lies in the critical analysis of the teacher professional development in the PLCs through reflective practice.
This research is inserted in the teacher training line of research. Its goal is to understand the way professional learning communities (PLC) develop in school and their contribution to teacher professional advancement through reflective practice. Research is proposed from the philosophy of pragmatism, of theoretical referents on reflection and peer learning. This is a qualitative, multiple-case study carried out in four public schools in Peru, in the cities of Trujillo, Sullana, Cusco and Pucallpa. Data was collected in 2020 and 2021 during the remote education using virtual ethnographic techniques through the Zoom platform. With regard to organization, a PLC is an organized and structured space to reflect on the teachers’ pedagogical practice. Six dimensions interacting holistically were identified. The organizational, interpersonal, participatory, and emotional dimensions support the development of the pedagogical and reflective dimensions. With respect to teachers’ professional development, the results showed that directors play a key role and lead PLCs from the exercise of their own pedagogical and distributed leadership. At the PLC, peer learning is collaborative from social reflection and makes it possible for them to deprivatize their pedagogical practice and to leave the isolation of the classroom. 7 The teachers' perceptions were positive, and they mainly valued the fact that PLC topics are closely linked to their classroom activity, which allows them to solve the difficulties of their practice with immediacy. This learning bridges a gap between their initial and continuous education, and generates confidence, security, and autonomy in their professional activity. The contribution of this research lies in the critical analysis of the teacher professional development in the PLCs through reflective practice.
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Comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje, Formación profesional de maestros, Desarrollo profesional
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