Acción colectiva contra el hambre: organización y prácticas de las ollas comunes para enfrentar la emergencia alimentaria
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2024-09-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La crisis sanitaria por la pandemia de la COVID-19 incrementó la cantidad de peruanos y peruanas
en situación de pobreza y trajo consigo una crisis de alimentos que develó el frágil crecimiento
económico del país. Ante ello, surgieron las Ollas comunes como iniciativas ciudadanas para hacer
frente al hambre. Aunque inicialmente su participación estuvo orientada a satisfacer las
necesidades inmediatas de sus comunidades, pronto trascendieron a la esfera pública adquiriendo
un rol político que puso en agenda pública la emergencia alimentaria. A través de una revisión de
fuentes secundarias y primarias, se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa para analizar desde
el enfoque de capacidades la respuesta organizada de la Red de Ollas Comunes de Lima
Metropolitana para afrontar la emergencia. Los resultados evidencian una serie de estrategias
desplegadas comunitariamente que han transformado de manera individual y colectiva a las
integrantes de la Red. Desde lograr un presupuesto para las ollas hasta la generación de alianzas
para fomentar la formación de sus compañeras y sus hijos, la Red se concibe como un espacio que
promueve la agencia individual y colectiva. En este proceso, también se develan una serie de
violencias a las que están expuestas y que representan obstáculos que pueden afectar las
capacidades colectivas alcanzadas. Se destaca la importancia de la Red para ampliar las libertades
reales de las mujeres de las ollas comunes y la urgencia de tomarlas en cuenta como un actor
político clave al momento de pensar en una política alimentaria que represente a las bases.
The health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic increased the number of Peruvians living in poverty and brought a food crisis that exposed the country's fragile economic growth. In response, the Ollas comunes emerged as citizens' initiatives to address hunger. Although their participation was initially oriented towards satisfying the immediate needs of their communities, they soon transcended into the public sphere and acquired a political role that put the food emergency on the public agenda. Through a review of secondary and primary sources, qualitative research was carried out to analyze the organized response of the Red de Ollas Comunes de Lima Metropolitana to the emergency from the capability approach. The findings reveal a range of community-based strategies that have transformed network members individually and collectively. From achieving a budget for the pots to creating alliances to promote the education of their partners and their children, the network is conceived as a space that promotes individual and collective agency. In the process, it was found a series of violence to which they are exposed and which represent obstacles that can affect the collective capacities they have achieved. The results highlight the significance of the network in expanding the real freedoms of women in the common pots and the urgency of considering them as key political actors when thinking about food policies that represent the grassroots.
The health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic increased the number of Peruvians living in poverty and brought a food crisis that exposed the country's fragile economic growth. In response, the Ollas comunes emerged as citizens' initiatives to address hunger. Although their participation was initially oriented towards satisfying the immediate needs of their communities, they soon transcended into the public sphere and acquired a political role that put the food emergency on the public agenda. Through a review of secondary and primary sources, qualitative research was carried out to analyze the organized response of the Red de Ollas Comunes de Lima Metropolitana to the emergency from the capability approach. The findings reveal a range of community-based strategies that have transformed network members individually and collectively. From achieving a budget for the pots to creating alliances to promote the education of their partners and their children, the network is conceived as a space that promotes individual and collective agency. In the process, it was found a series of violence to which they are exposed and which represent obstacles that can affect the collective capacities they have achieved. The results highlight the significance of the network in expanding the real freedoms of women in the common pots and the urgency of considering them as key political actors when thinking about food policies that represent the grassroots.
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Ayuda alimentaria--Perú--Lima Metropolitana--Participación ciudadana, Pandemia de COVID-19, 2020- --Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Acción social--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Enfoque basado en las capacidades (Ciencias sociales)
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