Informe Jurídico sobre el Asunto N.D. y N.T. contra España ante el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos
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Date
2023-08-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente informe versa sobre el análisis de la sentencia emitida por la Gran
Sala del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: asunto N.D. y N.T. contra
España, la cual trata el tema de devoluciones colectivas. En la referida sentencia,
el Tribunal realiza un giro jurisprudencial en materia de protección de derechos
de migrantes, pues exime de responsabilidad al Estado receptor e inculpa a los
demandantes por su conducta. De hecho, en su argumentación no considera el
contexto de huida de estas personas, por lo que su argumentación resulta
carente en cuanto a los deberes que tienen los Estados ante esta población en
situación de vulnerabilidad. Entonces, se demostrará que, en el presente caso,
el Tribunal no siguió los estándares internacionales sobre prohibición de
expulsiones colectivas ni el derecho al debido proceso, dejando a los
demandantes en una situación de desprotección. De igual manera, se hará uso
de normativa y jurisprudencia del Sistema Interamericano para demostrar que
hay vías que son más garantistas de los derechos de los migrantes. Por último,
se demostrará que el fallo del Tribunal no cumplió con lo establecido por los
estándares internacionales en cuanto a migrantes y refugiados, sino que se
encuentra sesgado frente a los migrantes que huyen de los peligros que
enfrentan en sus países de origen.
This paper deals with the analysis of the sentence issued by The Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights: matter N.D. and N.T. against Spain, which treats collective expulsions. In this ruling, the Court makes a jurisprudential turn in the matter of protection of migrants’ human rights. In this ruling, the Court exempts Spain from any responsibility and accuses the plaintiffs because of their behavior. In fact, in the Court’s argumentation, the runaway context of these people is not considered, hence the argumentation it’s lacking as to State’s obligations before this people that are in a state of vulnerability. It will be demonstrated that, in this case, the Court did not follow international standards about the ban of collective expulsions and due process, leaving the plaintiffs in a state of vulnerability. In the same way, we will use norms and cases of the Interamerican System to demonstrate that there are more ways that can guarantee migrants’ rights. Lastly, it will be proved that the ruling did not comply with international standards as to migrants and refugees, but that it was biased by stigma against migrants that escape the dangers they faced in their countries.
This paper deals with the analysis of the sentence issued by The Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights: matter N.D. and N.T. against Spain, which treats collective expulsions. In this ruling, the Court makes a jurisprudential turn in the matter of protection of migrants’ human rights. In this ruling, the Court exempts Spain from any responsibility and accuses the plaintiffs because of their behavior. In fact, in the Court’s argumentation, the runaway context of these people is not considered, hence the argumentation it’s lacking as to State’s obligations before this people that are in a state of vulnerability. It will be demonstrated that, in this case, the Court did not follow international standards about the ban of collective expulsions and due process, leaving the plaintiffs in a state of vulnerability. In the same way, we will use norms and cases of the Interamerican System to demonstrate that there are more ways that can guarantee migrants’ rights. Lastly, it will be proved that the ruling did not comply with international standards as to migrants and refugees, but that it was biased by stigma against migrants that escape the dangers they faced in their countries.
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Migrantes--Derechos humanos, Migrantes--Expulsión--España, Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos
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