Comercio y consumo de aguardiente en la ciudad del Cuzco en el contexto de las Reformas Borbónicas, 1774-1808
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2023-01-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente tesis estudia el comercio y el consumo del aguardiente en la ciudad del
Cuzco en el período durante y posterior a las reformas borbónicas, entre 1774 y 1808.
Para ello, adopta una perspectiva cuantitativa, basada en las cuentas de la Real Aduana
del Cuzco. Se mostrará que la tendencia de largo plazo fue de estabilidad y crecimiento,
y se contextualizará la situación del Cuzco comparándola con la de otras ciudades. Se
plantea la hipótesis de que hubo un aumento en la venta del aguardiente que se explica
por la existencia de una mayoría indígena en el Cuzco. La tradición prehispánica de
consumo abundante de alcohol fue fortalecida por la aparición de nuevos espacios de
socialización como fiestas y pulperías, y por un incremento en la capacidad adquisitiva
que asociada a una mayor integración de los indios en la economía de mercado. Estos
hechos permitieron un crecimiento sostenido que solo se vio interrumpido por la
inestabilidad política posterior a 1808.
The following thesis studies the trade and consumption of aguardiente in the city of Cuzco in the period during and after the Bourbon reforms, between 1774 and 1808. To do this, it adopts a quantitative perspective based on the ledgers of the Real Aduana of Cuzco. We will show that the market’s long term trend was one of stability and growth, and also contextualize the situation in Cuzco by comparing it to other cities. We put forward the hypothesis that there was an increase in the sales of aguardiente which can be explained by the existence of an indigenous majority in Cuzco. The Prehispanic tradition of abundant alcohol consumption was strengthened by the appearance of new spaces of sociability like feasts and pulperías, as well as an increase in purchasing power associated with a wider integration of the Indians to the market economy. These facts allowed for a sustained growth that was only thwarted by the political instability following 1808.
The following thesis studies the trade and consumption of aguardiente in the city of Cuzco in the period during and after the Bourbon reforms, between 1774 and 1808. To do this, it adopts a quantitative perspective based on the ledgers of the Real Aduana of Cuzco. We will show that the market’s long term trend was one of stability and growth, and also contextualize the situation in Cuzco by comparing it to other cities. We put forward the hypothesis that there was an increase in the sales of aguardiente which can be explained by the existence of an indigenous majority in Cuzco. The Prehispanic tradition of abundant alcohol consumption was strengthened by the appearance of new spaces of sociability like feasts and pulperías, as well as an increase in purchasing power associated with a wider integration of the Indians to the market economy. These facts allowed for a sustained growth that was only thwarted by the political instability following 1808.
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Aguardiente--Industria y comercio--Perú
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