Informe jurídico de la sentencia recaída en el Expediente No 4386-2017-AA
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2022-08-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Los medios de comunicación que se utilizan dentro de una relación laboral son diversos
y constantemente actualizados, por lo que es usual que el empleador entregue a los
trabajadores herramientas digitales de comunicación para el ejercicio de sus labores; sin
embargo, algunas veces son utilizadas para fines diferentes a los que se otorgaron,
generando conflictos en la relación laboral.
El presente informe profesional tiene como finalidad realizar un análisis crítico a partir
del recurso de agravio constitucional en el marco de un proceso de amparo, iniciado por
un trabajador que fue despedido por la supuesta comisión de falta grave al compartir
mediante el correo electrónico institucional información privada de un compañero de
trabajo. La empresa habría accedido al contenido de dicho correo electrónico para
corroborar la falta, por lo que el trabajador alegó la vulneración de sus derechos al debido
proceso, al secreto y a la inviolabilidad de las comunicaciones y a la libertad sindical;
mientras que el empleador se amparó en su facultad de fiscalización y sanción.
Sobre este tema, la jurisprudencia ha señalado que no es posible acceder a las
comunicaciones del trabajador sin un mandato motivado del juez o autorización expresa
de las partes, pero -hasta la fecha- no ha señalado claramente a quién pertenecen las
herramientas digitales otorgadas y si estas pueden o no ser objeto de fiscalización.
Los problemas jurídicos identificados serán desarrollados en el presente informe
mediante legislación, jurisprudencia y doctrina. Asimismo, se pretende brindar una
posición respecto a la decisión adoptada por el Tribunal Constitucional y brindar algún
acercamiento a lo que debería ser el procedimiento de fiscalización del correo electrónico
institucional de los trabajadores.
The information and communication technologies that that are used within an employment relationship are diverse and constantly updated, so it is usual for the employer to provide workers with digital communication tools for the exercise of their tasks; however, sometimes they are used for purposes other than those that were granted, generating conflicts in the employment relationship. The purpose of this professional report is to carry out a critical analysis based on the constitutional grievance appeal within the framework of an amparo process, initiated by a worker who was dismissed for the alleged commission of serious misconduct by sharing private information of a co-worker through institutional email. The company would have accessed the content of that email to corroborate the fault, so the worker alleged the violation of his rights to due process, secrecy and the inviolability of communications and freedom of association; while the employer relied on its power of control and sanction. On this subject, the jurisprudence has indicated that it is not possible to access the worker's communications without a reasoned mandate from the judge or express authorization from the parties, but -to date- it has not clearly indicated to whom the digital tools granted belong and whether they can be subject to inspection. The legal problems identified will be developed in this report through legislation, jurisprudence, and doctrine. Likewise, it is intended to provide a position regarding the decision adopted by the Constitutional Court and to provide some approach to what the procedure for should be monitoring the institutional email of workers.
The information and communication technologies that that are used within an employment relationship are diverse and constantly updated, so it is usual for the employer to provide workers with digital communication tools for the exercise of their tasks; however, sometimes they are used for purposes other than those that were granted, generating conflicts in the employment relationship. The purpose of this professional report is to carry out a critical analysis based on the constitutional grievance appeal within the framework of an amparo process, initiated by a worker who was dismissed for the alleged commission of serious misconduct by sharing private information of a co-worker through institutional email. The company would have accessed the content of that email to corroborate the fault, so the worker alleged the violation of his rights to due process, secrecy and the inviolability of communications and freedom of association; while the employer relied on its power of control and sanction. On this subject, the jurisprudence has indicated that it is not possible to access the worker's communications without a reasoned mandate from the judge or express authorization from the parties, but -to date- it has not clearly indicated to whom the digital tools granted belong and whether they can be subject to inspection. The legal problems identified will be developed in this report through legislation, jurisprudence, and doctrine. Likewise, it is intended to provide a position regarding the decision adopted by the Constitutional Court and to provide some approach to what the procedure for should be monitoring the institutional email of workers.
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Acción de amparo, Derecho laboral, Derecho procesal constitucional--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho constitucional, Derecho a la privacidad, Comunicaciones confidenciales
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
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