Efecto Mediador de la Controlabilidad Percibida en la Intención Emprendedora de los Estudiantes Universitarios
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2018-04-18
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La actitud emprendedora, la norma subjetiva y el control percibido de comportamiento son variables que influyen en la intención de emprender un negocio. Líneas de investigación recomendadas sugirieron la incorporación del efecto mediador de la controlabilidad percibida en el modelo y así generar una concepción más amplia al constructo denominado control percibido de comportamiento (Ajzen, 2002; Monsen & Urbig, 2009; Sieger & Monsen, 2015). La controlabilidad percibida hace referencia al grado de control que el individuo percibe que posee sobre los resultados que espera obtener, obviando los riesgos asociados de estas acciones y manteniendo expectativas favorables de las actividades que emprenda. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el grado de influencia que ejercen los factores de la teoría de comportamiento planificado en la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes universitarios (Ajzen, 1991, 2002), considerando la mediación de la controlabilidad percibida (Monsen & Urbig, 2009). La muestra evaluada fue de 669 estudiantes universitarios de nivel de pregrado. El estudio tuvo una perspectiva cuantitativa y fue desarrollado a partir de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados evidenciaron que la controlabilidad ejerce un rol de mediación en la relación entre la autoeficacia emprendedora y la intención emprendedora (β = .17; p-valor < .05). De igual forma, se evidenció que no existen diferencias en la capacidad explicativa del modelo en función del género y la formación emprendedora. Los hallazgos conducen a los agentes de interés tales como gobierno y universidades a promover vivencias y aprendizajes prácticos relacionadas con el emprendimiento permitiendo que los estudiantes universitarios se sientan preparados y aptos para emprender, aumentando el grado de control sobre los resultados relacionados con la creación de su propia empresa; contribuyendo así, a que muestren intenciones positivas respecto al emprendimiento
Entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are variables that influence the intention to start a business. Recommended research lines suggested the incorporation of the mediating effect of the perceived controllability in the model and generate a broader conception of the construct called perceived behavioral control (Ajzen, 2002, Monsen & Urbig, 2009, Sieger & Monsen, 2015). Perceived controllability refers to the degree of perceived control that the individual has on the expected results to obtain, omitting the associated risks of these actions and maintaining favorable expectations of the activities taken. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of influence exerted by the factors of planned behavior theory on the entrepreneurial intention of university students (Ajzen, 1991, 2002), considering the mediation of perceived controllability (Monsen & Urbig, 2009). The sample evaluated was 669 undergraduated university students. The study was conducted by a quantitative perspective and was developed by a model of structural equations. Results showed that perceived controllability mediated in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention (β = .17; p-value <.05). Similarly, it was evident there are no differences in the explanatory capacity of the model in terms of gender and entrepreneurial training. Findings lead to stakeholders such as government and universities to promote experiences and practical learnings related to entrepreneurship, allowing university students to feel prepared and able to undertake, increasing the degree of control over the results associated with the creation of their own company; thus, contributing to show positive intentions about entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are variables that influence the intention to start a business. Recommended research lines suggested the incorporation of the mediating effect of the perceived controllability in the model and generate a broader conception of the construct called perceived behavioral control (Ajzen, 2002, Monsen & Urbig, 2009, Sieger & Monsen, 2015). Perceived controllability refers to the degree of perceived control that the individual has on the expected results to obtain, omitting the associated risks of these actions and maintaining favorable expectations of the activities taken. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of influence exerted by the factors of planned behavior theory on the entrepreneurial intention of university students (Ajzen, 1991, 2002), considering the mediation of perceived controllability (Monsen & Urbig, 2009). The sample evaluated was 669 undergraduated university students. The study was conducted by a quantitative perspective and was developed by a model of structural equations. Results showed that perceived controllability mediated in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention (β = .17; p-value <.05). Similarly, it was evident there are no differences in the explanatory capacity of the model in terms of gender and entrepreneurial training. Findings lead to stakeholders such as government and universities to promote experiences and practical learnings related to entrepreneurship, allowing university students to feel prepared and able to undertake, increasing the degree of control over the results associated with the creation of their own company; thus, contributing to show positive intentions about entrepreneurship
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Emprendimiento (Administración), Investigación cuantitativa
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