Informe Jurídico sobre la RTF No. 21319-4-2012
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar si los intereses derivados de
un préstamo utilizado en los años 1997 a 1999 para financiar la adquisición de
acciones son deducibles para efectos del Impuesto a la Renta, en el marco de
un esquema de debt push-down. Para ello, se evalúa en primer lugar si dichos
intereses cumplen con el Principio de Causalidad previsto en el artículo 37 de la
Ley del Impuesto a la Renta. Posteriormente, se analiza si la estructura
empleada puede ser cuestionada bajo la antigua Norma VIII del Título Preliminar
del Código Tributario, y —de forma complementaria— si, bajo los criterios
actuales, podría considerarse un supuesto de elusión conforme a la Norma XVI.
A partir del análisis realizado, se concluye que los intereses cumplen con el
Principio de Causalidad, ya que el endeudamiento estuvo vinculado a la
adquisición de una empresa operativa del mismo rubro, lo que fortaleció la fuente
productora de renta. Asimismo, se determina que no se configuran los elementos
propios de la simulación —ni absoluta ni relativa— exigidos por la Norma VIII,
por lo que no correspondía su aplicación al caso concreto. Finalmente, si bien la
Norma XVI no era aplicable al momento de los hechos, se destaca que la
operación no evidencia artificiosidad ni falta de sustancia económica, por lo que
tampoco calificaría como un acto elusivo bajo el estándar actual.
En ese sentido, el trabajo subraya la importancia de que la Administración
Tributaria, al enfrentar estructuras complejas, evalúe tanto la forma jurídica como
la sustancia económica de las operaciones, a fin de identificar adecuadamente
los límites entre la planificación fiscal legítima y la elusión tributaria.
This paper aims to determine whether the interest arising from a loan used between 1997 and 1999 to finance the acquisition of shares is deductible for income tax purposes, within the framework of a debt push-down structure. To that end, the analysis first assesses whether such interest meets the Causality Principle set forth in Article 37 of the Peruvian Income Tax Law. It then examines whether the structure could be challenged under the former General Anti- Avoidance Rule contained in Norma VIII of the Preliminary Title of the Tax Code and, complementarily, whether it could be considered a case of tax avoidance under the current criteria established by Norma XVI. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the interest satisfies the Causality Principle, since the debt was linked to the acquisition of an operating company within the same business sector, thereby strengthening the income-generating source. Likewise, it is determined that the key elements of simulation—whether absolute or relative—required for the application of Norma VIII are not present, and thus this provision does not apply to the case. Finally, although Norma XVI was not in force at the time of the events, the transaction does not reveal artifices or a lack of economic substance, and therefore would not qualify as a tax avoidance scheme under the current standard either. Accordingly, the paper underscores the importance of ensuring that the Tax Administration, when assessing complex corporate structures, evaluates not only the formal legality of the acts involved, but also their economic coherence and substance, in order to properly delineate the boundary between legitimate tax planning and impermissible tax avoidance.
This paper aims to determine whether the interest arising from a loan used between 1997 and 1999 to finance the acquisition of shares is deductible for income tax purposes, within the framework of a debt push-down structure. To that end, the analysis first assesses whether such interest meets the Causality Principle set forth in Article 37 of the Peruvian Income Tax Law. It then examines whether the structure could be challenged under the former General Anti- Avoidance Rule contained in Norma VIII of the Preliminary Title of the Tax Code and, complementarily, whether it could be considered a case of tax avoidance under the current criteria established by Norma XVI. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the interest satisfies the Causality Principle, since the debt was linked to the acquisition of an operating company within the same business sector, thereby strengthening the income-generating source. Likewise, it is determined that the key elements of simulation—whether absolute or relative—required for the application of Norma VIII are not present, and thus this provision does not apply to the case. Finally, although Norma XVI was not in force at the time of the events, the transaction does not reveal artifices or a lack of economic substance, and therefore would not qualify as a tax avoidance scheme under the current standard either. Accordingly, the paper underscores the importance of ensuring that the Tax Administration, when assessing complex corporate structures, evaluates not only the formal legality of the acts involved, but also their economic coherence and substance, in order to properly delineate the boundary between legitimate tax planning and impermissible tax avoidance.
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Impuesto a la renta--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Evasión de impuestos, Causalidad (Derecho), Exención de impuestos
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

