Informe Jurídico sobre Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional del Expediente 7811-2005-PA/TC, 22 de noviembre de 2005
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2024-03-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El Secreto Profesional se constituye en una piedra angular de la relación
abogado-cliente porque implica el elemento confianza, básico para el idóneo ejercicio
de la profesión legal en el Perú. Por tal razón, la comprensión del Secreto Profesional
del abogado, cuando un profesional del derecho es citado a rendir testimonio ante la
autoridad policial, o, inclusive, fiscal, en el marco de una investigación penal contra un
cliente suyo, requiere de un análisis profundo en sus dimensiones de responsabilidad
profesional y constitucional. Tanto la Constitución Política del Perú, como el Código
Procesal Penal y el Código de Ética de la Junta de Decanos de Colegios de Abogados
del Perú, sistemática e integralmente, cautelan que en tal escenario el abogado pueda
cumplir con resguardar la información protegida por el Secreto Profesional.
Dependiendo de la particularidad de cada caso, y específicamente del tipo de
información divulgada, se puede determinar si tal información está protegida por el
Secreto Profesional; si efectivamente se consumó la vulneración del Secreto
Profesional; y la viabilidad y consideraciones del proceso de hábeas corpus como una
vía pertinente e idónea de tutela del Secreto Profesional. El Secreto Profesional,
constituye una inmunidad y un derecho, que debe ser respetado por el abogado y
autoridades, cuando al primero se le cita como testigo para rendir testimonio ante la
Policía en el marco de una investigación penal contra un cliente suyo. Entonces, el
Proceso de Habeas Corpus es la vía de tutela del Secreto Profesional, y su procedencia
y protección debe conciliar el rol residual de dicha vía jurisdiccional y las particularidades
del Secreto Profesional.
Attorney Client privilege is a cornerstone of the attorney-client relationship because it means the trust element, necessary for the practice of the legal profession in Peru. For this reason, the protection of this legal ethics institution in Peru, when a lawyer is required to give testimony before the police authority in the framework of a criminal investigation against his client, requires a deep understanding of what implies, from a constitutional point of view and the professional responsibility of the lawyer, the Attorneyclient privilege in the Peruvian legal framework. The Political Constitution of Peru, the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Peruvian Code of Legal Ethics, systematically and comprehensively, ensure that in such a scenario the lawyer can comply with safeguarding the information protected by Professional Secret. Depending on the particularity of each case, and specifically on the type of information disclosed, it can be determined if such information is protected by the Attorney client privilege; if the violation of the Attorney client privilege was effectively consummated; and the feasibility and considerations of the amparo process as a means of protection of the Attorney client privilege. The Attorney client privilege is an immunity and a right, which must be respected by the lawyer and authorities, when the lawyer is summoned as a witness to testify before the Police in the framework of a criminal investigation against one of his clients. The Amparo Process is a means of protection of Professional Secret and its origin and protection must reconcile the residual role of said jurisdictional method and the particularities of Professional Secret.
Attorney Client privilege is a cornerstone of the attorney-client relationship because it means the trust element, necessary for the practice of the legal profession in Peru. For this reason, the protection of this legal ethics institution in Peru, when a lawyer is required to give testimony before the police authority in the framework of a criminal investigation against his client, requires a deep understanding of what implies, from a constitutional point of view and the professional responsibility of the lawyer, the Attorneyclient privilege in the Peruvian legal framework. The Political Constitution of Peru, the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Peruvian Code of Legal Ethics, systematically and comprehensively, ensure that in such a scenario the lawyer can comply with safeguarding the information protected by Professional Secret. Depending on the particularity of each case, and specifically on the type of information disclosed, it can be determined if such information is protected by the Attorney client privilege; if the violation of the Attorney client privilege was effectively consummated; and the feasibility and considerations of the amparo process as a means of protection of the Attorney client privilege. The Attorney client privilege is an immunity and a right, which must be respected by the lawyer and authorities, when the lawyer is summoned as a witness to testify before the Police in the framework of a criminal investigation against one of his clients. The Amparo Process is a means of protection of Professional Secret and its origin and protection must reconcile the residual role of said jurisdictional method and the particularities of Professional Secret.
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Ética legal, Abogados--Ética profesional--Perú, Comunicaciones confidenciales
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