La (in)constitucionalidad de la Ley 31355 que establece límites a la cuestión de confianza
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2023-04-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el presente artículo se analiza la constitucionalidad de la Ley 31355, Ley que
desarrolla el ejercicio de la cuestión de confianza regulada en el último párrafo
del artículo 132 y en el artículo 133 de la Constitución Política del Perú.
Contrariamente a lo decidido por el Tribunal Constitucional peruano, se concluirá
que la Ley 31355 presenta vicios de inconstitucionalidad tanto a nivel formal
como material. Para ello, en primer lugar, se introducirá al lector en los aspectos
teóricos de la cuestión de confianza: su contenido y alcances, su evolución
histórica en las constituciones peruanas y su desarrollo jurisprudencial. En
segundo lugar, se analizarán los vicios formales de la Ley 31355: primero, que
fue tramitada como ley ordinaria, en lugar de seguir el procedimiento de reforma
constitucional; segundo, que excedió el ámbito de una ley de desarrollo
constitucional; y, tercero, que excedió el ámbito de una ley interpretativa. En
tercer lugar, se analizarán los vicios materiales en que incurre la Ley 31355, cada
uno en relación a los límites que indebidamente introdujo: la imposibilidad de
plantear cuestión de confianza sobre reformas constitucionales, sobre
competencias exclusivas y excluyentes del Congreso y de organismos
constitucionalmente autónomos, y aspectos procedimentales como que solo el
Congreso puede interpretar el sentido de su decisión.
This article analyzes the constitutionality of Law 31355, Law that develops the exercise of the matter of trust regulated in the last paragraph of article 132 and in article 133 of the Political Constitution of Peru. Contrary to what was decided by the Peruvian Constitutional Court, it will be concluded that Law 31355 presents defects of unconstitutionality both formally and materially. To do this, first, the reader will be introduced to the theoretical aspects of the question of trust: its content and scope, its historical evolution in Peruvian constitutions and its jurisprudential development. Secondly, the formal defects of Law 31355 will be analyzed: first, that it was processed as an ordinary law, instead of following the constitutional reform procedure; second, that it exceeded the scope of a law of constitutional development; and third, that it exceeded the scope of an interpretative law. Thirdly, the material defects incurred by Law 31355 will be analyzed, each one in relation to the limits that it unduly introduced: the impossibility of raising a question of confidence on constitutional reforms, on exclusive and exclusive powers of Congress and of constitutionally autonomous bodies, and procedural aspects such as that only Congress can interpret the meaning of its decision.
This article analyzes the constitutionality of Law 31355, Law that develops the exercise of the matter of trust regulated in the last paragraph of article 132 and in article 133 of the Political Constitution of Peru. Contrary to what was decided by the Peruvian Constitutional Court, it will be concluded that Law 31355 presents defects of unconstitutionality both formally and materially. To do this, first, the reader will be introduced to the theoretical aspects of the question of trust: its content and scope, its historical evolution in Peruvian constitutions and its jurisprudential development. Secondly, the formal defects of Law 31355 will be analyzed: first, that it was processed as an ordinary law, instead of following the constitutional reform procedure; second, that it exceeded the scope of a law of constitutional development; and third, that it exceeded the scope of an interpretative law. Thirdly, the material defects incurred by Law 31355 will be analyzed, each one in relation to the limits that it unduly introduced: the impossibility of raising a question of confidence on constitutional reforms, on exclusive and exclusive powers of Congress and of constitutionally autonomous bodies, and procedural aspects such as that only Congress can interpret the meaning of its decision.
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Poder legislativo--Perú, Control parlamentario--Perú, Reformas constitucionales
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