Tendencias del equipamiento televisivo en Perú: un enfoque de minería de datos de supervivencia utilizando datos de organismos oficiales
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2024-09-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La evolución de la televisión en Perú refleja cambios tecnológicos y socioeconómicos, transformándola
en un bien de consumo masivo. Este estudio investiga las tendencias del equipamiento
televisivo a color, utilizando un enfoque de minería de datos de supervivencia con datos
de entidades oficiales como la ENAHO. Se analiza la duración del uso inicial de televisores a
color y se examina cómo influyen en ello los hábitos de consumo y la gestión de residuos electrónicos.
La investigación plantea cómo utilizar información oficial para explorar los patrones
de consumo televisivo en hogares peruanos. Se busca identificar cómo el contexto socioeconómico
y las políticas ambientales impactan la retención y vida útil de estos dispositivos, centrándose
en la relación entre las características socioeconómicas de los hogares y sus decisiones de
consumo.
Para abordar estos objetivos, se aplican y evalúan metodologías de minería de datos, esenciales
para desentrañar las dinámicas del mercado de televisores a color. Se comienza con análisis
no paramétricos mediante el método Kaplan-Meier, que ayuda a estimar la durabilidad de los
televisores, y se procede con modelos paramétricos para una mayor adaptabilidad a los datos. Se
utilizan técnicas como la comparación de distribuciones, el criterio de información de Akaike y
el análisis de Bland-Altman para validar la coherencia de los modelos empleados. Finalmente,
se recurre a algoritmos de aprendizaje automático y modelos de regresión, incluyendo el modelo
de riesgos proporcionales de Cox, para identificar y comprender los factores que impactan la
durabilidad de los televisores
Finalmente, los resultados indican que los hábitos de consumo de televisores en hogares
peruanos están determinados por un contexto multidimensional, donde interactúan políticas
ambientales, cambios económicos, avances tecnológicos y factores sociales. Estos elementos
contribuyen colectivamente a extender la vida útil de estos dispositivos, reflejando una tendencia
hacia la retención prolongada. Se señala que, mientras las condiciones socioeconómicas juegan
un papel crucial en las decisiones de consumo, la relación entre estos factores y la gestión de
residuos electrónicos requiere análisis adicionales, dada la complejidad de las interacciones y
la falta de evidencia estadística definitiva.
The evolution of television in Peru reflects technological and socioeconomic changes, turning it into a mass consumption good. This study investigates the trends in color television equipment, using a survival data mining approach with data from official entities like ENAHO. The initial usage duration of color televisions is analyzed, and the influence of consumption habits and electronic waste management on this duration is examined. The research proposes how to use official information to explore television consumption patterns in Peruvian households. It aims to identify how the socioeconomic context and environmental policies impact the retention and lifespan of these devices, focusing on the relationship between the socioeconomic characteristics of households and their consumption decisions. To achieve these objectives, data mining methodologies are applied and evaluated, essential for unraveling the dynamics of the color television market. The analysis starts with nonparametric methods using the Kaplan-Meier method, which helps estimate the durability of televisions, and proceeds with parametric models for greater adaptability to the data. Techniques such as distribution comparison, Akaike information criterion, and Bland-Altman analysis are used to validate the consistency of the employed models. Finally, machine learning algorithms and regression models, including the Cox proportional hazards model, are used to identify and understand the factors impacting the durability of televisions. Ultimately, the results indicate that the consumption habits of televisions in Peruvian households are determined by a multidimensional context, where environmental policies, economic changes, technological advancements, and social factors interact. These elements collectively contribute to extending the lifespan of these devices, reflecting a trend towards prolonged retention. It is noted that while socioeconomic conditions play a crucial role in consumption decisions, the relationship between these factors and the management of electronic waste requires further analysis due to the complexity of the interactions and the lack of definitive statistical evidence.
The evolution of television in Peru reflects technological and socioeconomic changes, turning it into a mass consumption good. This study investigates the trends in color television equipment, using a survival data mining approach with data from official entities like ENAHO. The initial usage duration of color televisions is analyzed, and the influence of consumption habits and electronic waste management on this duration is examined. The research proposes how to use official information to explore television consumption patterns in Peruvian households. It aims to identify how the socioeconomic context and environmental policies impact the retention and lifespan of these devices, focusing on the relationship between the socioeconomic characteristics of households and their consumption decisions. To achieve these objectives, data mining methodologies are applied and evaluated, essential for unraveling the dynamics of the color television market. The analysis starts with nonparametric methods using the Kaplan-Meier method, which helps estimate the durability of televisions, and proceeds with parametric models for greater adaptability to the data. Techniques such as distribution comparison, Akaike information criterion, and Bland-Altman analysis are used to validate the consistency of the employed models. Finally, machine learning algorithms and regression models, including the Cox proportional hazards model, are used to identify and understand the factors impacting the durability of televisions. Ultimately, the results indicate that the consumption habits of televisions in Peruvian households are determined by a multidimensional context, where environmental policies, economic changes, technological advancements, and social factors interact. These elements collectively contribute to extending the lifespan of these devices, reflecting a trend towards prolonged retention. It is noted that while socioeconomic conditions play a crucial role in consumption decisions, the relationship between these factors and the management of electronic waste requires further analysis due to the complexity of the interactions and the lack of definitive statistical evidence.
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Televisión a color--Perú, Comportamiento del consumidor--Perú, Minería de datos--Perú, Instituciones públicas--Perú