Conducta de base segura y sensibilidad materna en diadas de NSE bajo, y la satisfacción con la pareja
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2016-07-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar y describir la relación entre la sensibilidad materna y la conducta de base segura del niño, y la satisfacción con la pareja en un grupo de madres y niños de nivel socioeconómico bajo de un distrito de Lima Metropolitana. Para este propósito se evaluó a 27 madres con edades entre 21 y 38 años (M = 26.63, DE = 4.42) y sus respectivos hijos con edades entre los 36 y 59 meses (M = 43.37, DE = 6.72), utilizando para la sensibilidad materna el Maternal Behavior for Preschoolers Q-set (MBPQS) (Posada, Kaloustian, Jacobs, Richmond y Moreno, 1998), para la conducta de base segura se empleó el Attachment Q-set (AQS) (Waters, 1995) y por último, para medir la satisfacción con la pareja se utilizó la escala Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (Hendrick, 1988). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las conductas observadas y el criterio teórico tanto para la conducta de base segura como para la sensibilidad materna, siendo éstas bastante bajas en comparación al promedio ideal. De igual forma, se halló una relación significativa y positiva entre ambos constructos. La dimensión Búsqueda de proximidad hacia la madre del AQS se relacionó de manera positiva con Contribución a interacciones armoniosas, Apoyo a la base segura y Supervisión del MBPQS. Además, la escala Calidez en las interacciones con la madre se relacionó de manera directa con las dimensiones Contribución a las interacciones armoniosas y Establecimiento de límites del MBPQS. Por otro lado, se empleó el análisis de correlación parcial entre la conducta de base segura y sensibilidad materna, controlando el efecto de la satisfacción con la pareja y se halló una correlación positiva y significativa.
The current study aims to explore and describe the relationship between maternal sensitivity and child's secure base behavior and the relationship satisfaction in a group of mothers and children of a low socioeconomic status of a district of Lima Metropolitana. For this purpose, 27 mothers were evaluated aged between 21 and 38 years (M = 26.63, DE = 4.42) and their children, aged between 36 and 59 months (M = 43.37, DE = 6.72), using the Maternal Behavior for Preschoolers Q-set (MBPQS; Posada, Kaloustian, Jacobs, Richmond y Moreno, 1998) for maternal sensitivity, the Attachment Q-set (AQS) (Waters, 1995) for secure base behavior, and, the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS; Hendrick, 1988) for relationship satisfaction. Significant differences were found between the behavior of the mothers and the theoretical criterion for the secure base behavior and for the maternal sensitivity, both variables being very low in contrast with the ideal mean. Also, a positive and significant relationship was found between both constructs. The Proximity-seeking to mother dimension of the AQS was related in a positive way with Contribution to Harmonious Interactions, Safe Base Support and Supervision of the MBPQS. Additionally, the scale Smooth interactions with mother was related in a direct way with Contribution to Harmonious Interactions and Setting limits scales of the MBPQS. On the other hand, the partial correlation analysis was used between secure base behavior and maternal sensitivity, controlling the relationship satisfaction effects and there was a positive and significant relation.
The current study aims to explore and describe the relationship between maternal sensitivity and child's secure base behavior and the relationship satisfaction in a group of mothers and children of a low socioeconomic status of a district of Lima Metropolitana. For this purpose, 27 mothers were evaluated aged between 21 and 38 years (M = 26.63, DE = 4.42) and their children, aged between 36 and 59 months (M = 43.37, DE = 6.72), using the Maternal Behavior for Preschoolers Q-set (MBPQS; Posada, Kaloustian, Jacobs, Richmond y Moreno, 1998) for maternal sensitivity, the Attachment Q-set (AQS) (Waters, 1995) for secure base behavior, and, the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS; Hendrick, 1988) for relationship satisfaction. Significant differences were found between the behavior of the mothers and the theoretical criterion for the secure base behavior and for the maternal sensitivity, both variables being very low in contrast with the ideal mean. Also, a positive and significant relationship was found between both constructs. The Proximity-seeking to mother dimension of the AQS was related in a positive way with Contribution to Harmonious Interactions, Safe Base Support and Supervision of the MBPQS. Additionally, the scale Smooth interactions with mother was related in a direct way with Contribution to Harmonious Interactions and Setting limits scales of the MBPQS. On the other hand, the partial correlation analysis was used between secure base behavior and maternal sensitivity, controlling the relationship satisfaction effects and there was a positive and significant relation.
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Sensibilidad, Madres e hijos, Apego., Pobreza, Relaciones de pareja
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