Informe jurídico sobre la Casación Nº2296-2021 Arequipa
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La casación Nº2296-2021 desarrolla el caso de Heraldo Hugo Zegarra Zegarra (55 años), un profesor del curso de historia en la provincia arequipeña de Camaná, este fue acusado como el autor del delito contra la libertad sexual - violación sexual, en agravio de su alumna, la menor de iniciales G.G.C.R, de 14 años de edad. En este caso, el Ministerio Público postuló acusación del artículo 170º del Código penal, indicando como medio comisivo el elemento de la amenaza. En primera instancia, el Juzgado Penal Colegiado de Camaná de la Corte Superior de Justicia de Arequipa absolvió al acusado de la imputación fiscal. Posteriormente, el Ministerio Público interpuso recurso de apelación y la Sala Mixta Descentralizada e Itinerante de Camaná confirmó la sentencia absolutoria de primera instancia. Ante esto, la fiscalía interpone recurso de casación, argumentando que la sentencia de vista incurría en motivación aparente. En esta casación he identificado como problema principal el inadecuado análisis que realiza la Sala Superior en la valoración probatoria de las pruebas a efectos de sustentar que se ha alcanzado el estándar de duda razonable. Ello debido a que la Corte validó que la Sala le haya otorgado erróneamente un mayor peso probatorio a la información de la Data del Certificado Médico, la declaración del ex enamorado Fernando Jefferson Rivera Cabrera y mensajes de chat; a pesar de que ninguno de estos medios acredita el consentimiento de la agraviada respecto al acto sexual.
Cassation Court No. 2296-2021 addresses the case of Heraldo Hugo Zegarra Zegarra (55 years old), a 55-year-old history teacher in the Arequipa province of Camaná, accused of committing the crime of sexual assault—rape—against his student, a 14-year-old minor with the initials G.G.C.R. In this case, the Public Prosecutor's Office filed its charges based on Article 170 of the Criminal Code, indicating the threat as the means of committing the crime of rape. In the first instance, the Camaná Collegiate Criminal Court of the Arequipa Superior Court of Justice acquitted the accused of the charges. The Public Prosecutor's Office subsequently appealed that ruling, and the Decentralized and Itinerant Mixed Chamber of Camaná ruled on the appeal, upholding the first- instance acquittal. In response to this, the prosecution appealed, arguing that the ruling was based on apparent motivation. In this cassation appeal, I have identified the main problem as the Superior Court's inadequate analysis of the evidence to support the reasonable doubt standard. This is because the Court validated the Court's erroneous determination that the information contained in the Medical Certificate and the statement of former boyfriend Fernando Jefferson Rivera Cabrera were greater evidentiary weight, despite the fact that none of these means prove the victim's consent to the sexual act.
Cassation Court No. 2296-2021 addresses the case of Heraldo Hugo Zegarra Zegarra (55 years old), a 55-year-old history teacher in the Arequipa province of Camaná, accused of committing the crime of sexual assault—rape—against his student, a 14-year-old minor with the initials G.G.C.R. In this case, the Public Prosecutor's Office filed its charges based on Article 170 of the Criminal Code, indicating the threat as the means of committing the crime of rape. In the first instance, the Camaná Collegiate Criminal Court of the Arequipa Superior Court of Justice acquitted the accused of the charges. The Public Prosecutor's Office subsequently appealed that ruling, and the Decentralized and Itinerant Mixed Chamber of Camaná ruled on the appeal, upholding the first- instance acquittal. In response to this, the prosecution appealed, arguing that the ruling was based on apparent motivation. In this cassation appeal, I have identified the main problem as the Superior Court's inadequate analysis of the evidence to support the reasonable doubt standard. This is because the Court validated the Court's erroneous determination that the information contained in the Medical Certificate and the statement of former boyfriend Fernando Jefferson Rivera Cabrera were greater evidentiary weight, despite the fact that none of these means prove the victim's consent to the sexual act.
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Delitos sexuales--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho penal--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Recurso de casación--Jurisprudencia--Perú--Arequipa
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