Justificación conceptual y jurídica del concepto de servicio público social en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
En el Perú, existe consenso sobre la distinción jurídico-administrativa entre servicios
públicos económicos y servicios públicos sociales. El artículo 58 de la Constitución
Política de 1993 diferencia explícitamente entre “servicios públicos” y servicios como
salud y educación. Asimismo, la doctrina reconoce esta diferencia. Sin embargo, ni la
normativa ni la doctrina han caracterizado en profundidad la noción de servicio público
social, a diferencia de los servicios públicos económicos.
Este trabajo busca identificar las bases teóricas, constitucionales y legales que sustentan
el concepto jurídico de servicio público social como una noción diferenciada de los
servicios públicos económicos. Esta diferenciación permitirá establecer un marco jurídico
más claro que delimite las competencias de la Administración Pública en cuanto a su
actuación prestacional que demanda la tutela y satisfacción de los derechos sociales.
Como principales hallazgos, sostenemos que, en virtud de los mandatos vinculantes de
la cláusula de Estado Social, el servicio público social tiene como finalidad principal
corregir las desigualdades estructurales de las poblaciones vulnerables, promoviendo la
igualdad material y la maximización del ejercicio de la libertad. Asimismo, esto implica el
tránsito hacia un enfoque prestacional de la Administración Pública que trasciende las
intervenciones clásicas limitativas de derechos. Por último, para operativizar y
caracterizar este concepto se debe tener en cuenta la estrecha vinculación e interacción
dinámica, flexible y complementaria entre los principios de subsidiariedad, solidaridad y
responsabilidad pública.
In Peru, there is a consensus on the legal-administrative distinction between economic public services and social public services. Article 58 of the 1993 Constitution explicitly differentiates between "public services" and services such as health and education. Similarly, the doctrine acknowledges this difference. Nevertheless, neither the normative framework nor the doctrine has thoroughly characterized the notion of social public service in contrast to economic public services. The present research aims to identify the theoretical, constitutional, and legal foundations that support the legal category of social public service as an autonomous category distinct from economic public services. This differentiation will enable the establishment of a clearer legal framework that delineates the competencies of the Public Administration regarding the protection and satisfaction of social rights. As main findings, we argue that, by virtue of the binding mandates of the Social State clause, the main purpose of the social public service is to correct the structural inequalities of vulnerable populations, promoting material equality and maximizing the exercise of freedom. Likewise, this implies the transition towards a public administration approach that transcends the classic interventions limiting rights. Finally, in order to operationalize and characterize this concept, the close linkage and dynamic, flexible and complementary interaction between the principles of subsidiarity, solidarity and public responsibility must be taken into account.
In Peru, there is a consensus on the legal-administrative distinction between economic public services and social public services. Article 58 of the 1993 Constitution explicitly differentiates between "public services" and services such as health and education. Similarly, the doctrine acknowledges this difference. Nevertheless, neither the normative framework nor the doctrine has thoroughly characterized the notion of social public service in contrast to economic public services. The present research aims to identify the theoretical, constitutional, and legal foundations that support the legal category of social public service as an autonomous category distinct from economic public services. This differentiation will enable the establishment of a clearer legal framework that delineates the competencies of the Public Administration regarding the protection and satisfaction of social rights. As main findings, we argue that, by virtue of the binding mandates of the Social State clause, the main purpose of the social public service is to correct the structural inequalities of vulnerable populations, promoting material equality and maximizing the exercise of freedom. Likewise, this implies the transition towards a public administration approach that transcends the classic interventions limiting rights. Finally, in order to operationalize and characterize this concept, the close linkage and dynamic, flexible and complementary interaction between the principles of subsidiarity, solidarity and public responsibility must be taken into account.
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Servicios públicos--Legislación--Perú, Derecho administrativo--Legislación--Perú, Estado de bienestar
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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