Construyendo miradas hacia el futuro: intenciones migratorias en estudiantes de secundaria de Sacsamarca, Ayacucho
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2017-09-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los significados que elaboran
estudiantes de últimos años de secundaria de Sacsamarca (Ayacucho) en relación a sus
intenciones migratorias al culminar sus estudios escolares. La finalidad consistió en generar
información clave que sirva como insumo para conocer a los(as) jóvenes de esta zona y
poder establecer posibles lineamientos de trabajo con ellos(as), considerando los contextos
sociales por los que transitan.
La recolección de información se realizó a través de un taller de cuatro sesiones con
23 jóvenes de cuarto y quinto de secundaria en el que se exploró, mediante técnicas lúdicoparticipativas,
la manera como concebían su presente y anticipaban su futuro según su rol
dentro de la comunidad. Los resultados se organizaron en tres dimensiones temáticas:
laboral, comunitaria y educativa, que mostraron cómo la migración forma parte de la
cotidianeidad de estos jóvenes, y representa una estrategia familiar que busca promover su
desarrollo personal, profesional y comunitario.
Al respecto, en la mayoría coexistió la aspiración de acceder a la educación superior
en las ciudades, junto con la motivación de aportar los beneficios derivados de la
experiencia citadina a su comunidad de origen. Sin embargo, las dificultades que
experimentan como parte del proceso migratorio, así como las tensiones entre el espacio
escolar y la vida comunitaria, continúan promoviendo el estigma social asociado al mundo
rural y sus costumbres.
Se discute la necesidad de fomentar espacios de participación con los(as) jóvenes,
tanto desde el ámbito educativo como comunitario, que les permitan fortalecer sus
conocimientos locales y pensar críticamente sobre los recursos de la comunidad en la que
conviven. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre los aciertos y desafíos para el trabajo
participativo con esta población.
The aim of this study was to analyse the way last year high-school students from Sacsamarca (Ayacucho) give meaning to their intentions to migrate after they finish highschool. The purpose was to obtain key information about young people in Sacsamarca in order to create possible future guidelines for working with them, regarding the social contexts they encounter themselves in. Findings are drawn from a four session workshop with 23 last year high-school students from Sacsamarca (Ayacucho) in the southern highlands of Peru. Through participatory-action research techniques, we explored the manner in which students conceived their present and anticipated their future according to their social role within the community. Results were organized in three dimensions: work, community and education, showing that migration constitutes an everyday life event associated with a momentary or definite pathway to personal, professional and community development. Accordingly, the majority of students believe attaining a higher education in the city is an opportunity to give back to their community. Nevertheless, the challenges they experience within the migration process, along with the tensions between school and community activities, continue to enhance the social stigma associated to the rural world and its traditions. In order to strengthen local knowledge and critical thinking about community resources, the need for promoting active high-school student participation within educational and community contexts is addressed, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented working with this population through participatory techniques.
The aim of this study was to analyse the way last year high-school students from Sacsamarca (Ayacucho) give meaning to their intentions to migrate after they finish highschool. The purpose was to obtain key information about young people in Sacsamarca in order to create possible future guidelines for working with them, regarding the social contexts they encounter themselves in. Findings are drawn from a four session workshop with 23 last year high-school students from Sacsamarca (Ayacucho) in the southern highlands of Peru. Through participatory-action research techniques, we explored the manner in which students conceived their present and anticipated their future according to their social role within the community. Results were organized in three dimensions: work, community and education, showing that migration constitutes an everyday life event associated with a momentary or definite pathway to personal, professional and community development. Accordingly, the majority of students believe attaining a higher education in the city is an opportunity to give back to their community. Nevertheless, the challenges they experience within the migration process, along with the tensions between school and community activities, continue to enhance the social stigma associated to the rural world and its traditions. In order to strengthen local knowledge and critical thinking about community resources, the need for promoting active high-school student participation within educational and community contexts is addressed, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented working with this population through participatory techniques.
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Migración interna--Perú--Ayacucho, Inmigrantes--Educación superior, Perú--Sacsamarca (Ayacucho : Distrito)--Emigración e inmigración
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