Resignificación del derecho a la ciudad: inclusión de una agenda feminista en dos ediciones del Foro Mundial de la Bicicleta (Lima, 2018 y Quito, 2019)
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2021-02-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El movimiento activista en favor del uso de la bicicleta tiene más de veinte años en
América Latina. El Foro Mundial de la Bicicleta (FMB) se creó en el 2012 por las y los
activistas de la región. Hasta el 2017, los líderes del espacio eran varones (70%); sin embargo,
la asistencia de mujeres al foro era más del 50% del total, evidenciando así, una
territorialización donde predomina un liderazgo hegemónico masculino. Entre el 2018 y 2019,
debido a una serie de estrategias realizadas por las activistas, el liderazgo de mujeres se
fortaleció. Pese a que no alcanzó paridad, el cambio en las dos últimas ediciones fue
significativo. Es justamente, en este cambio que se centra esta investigación. A través de un
análisis cuantitativo, así como herramientas etnográficas, exploro dos dimensiones: las
estrategias y los discursos producidos por las activistas en las versiones del FMB7 (Lima, 2018)
y FMB8 (Quito, 2019). Considero que ambas dimensiones se utilizan con la finalidad de colocar
una agenda feminista en el FMB. El argumento central de la tesis es que, en el proceso, las
activistas plantean nuevas concepciones del derecho a la ciudad (Lefebvre), lo cuestionan y lo
resignifican; muchos de sus aportes convergen con propuestas planteadas por varias geógrafas
feministas y urbanistas (Tovi Fenster, Ana Falú, Shelley Buckingham, entre otras). Este proceso
podría representar un cambio significativo al interior del movimiento y, por lo tanto, una
transformación en algunos espacios que promueven las activistas en sus ciudades.
The pro-bicycle movement in Latin America is more than twenty years old. The World Bicycle Forum (WBF) was created in 2012 by activists of this region. Until 2017, most of the leaders of this movement were males (70%). However, the total attendance of females to the WBF was more than 50%. This puts in evidence a territorizalization, where a hegemonic male leadership predominates. Between years 2018 and 2019, due to a series of strategies conducted by female activists, women’s leadership was strengthened. Though gender-parity was not reached, a change in the last two editions of the WBF was significant. It is precisely in this change process that this research is focused. Through quantitative analysis and ethnographic techniques, I analyze two dimensions of the process: the strategies and the discourses produced by activists in the last two editions of the WBF (Lima 2018 and Quito 2019). I consider that both dimensions were used in order to place a feminist agenda in the WBF. The central argument of this dissertation is that, in this process, the activists proposed new conceptions of the notion of the right to the city (Lefebvre), by questioning it and resignifying it. Many of their contributions converge with proposals made by various feminist and urban geographers (Tovi Fenster, Ana Falú, Shelly Buckingham, among others). This process could represent a significant change within the pro-bicycle movement and, therefore, a transformation in some spaces promoted by activists in their cities.
The pro-bicycle movement in Latin America is more than twenty years old. The World Bicycle Forum (WBF) was created in 2012 by activists of this region. Until 2017, most of the leaders of this movement were males (70%). However, the total attendance of females to the WBF was more than 50%. This puts in evidence a territorizalization, where a hegemonic male leadership predominates. Between years 2018 and 2019, due to a series of strategies conducted by female activists, women’s leadership was strengthened. Though gender-parity was not reached, a change in the last two editions of the WBF was significant. It is precisely in this change process that this research is focused. Through quantitative analysis and ethnographic techniques, I analyze two dimensions of the process: the strategies and the discourses produced by activists in the last two editions of the WBF (Lima 2018 and Quito 2019). I consider that both dimensions were used in order to place a feminist agenda in the WBF. The central argument of this dissertation is that, in this process, the activists proposed new conceptions of the notion of the right to the city (Lefebvre), by questioning it and resignifying it. Many of their contributions converge with proposals made by various feminist and urban geographers (Tovi Fenster, Ana Falú, Shelly Buckingham, among others). This process could represent a significant change within the pro-bicycle movement and, therefore, a transformation in some spaces promoted by activists in their cities.
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Medios de transporte--Bicicletas--América Latina, Feminismo--América Latina, Género--América Latina
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