Informe sobre la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional recaída en el expediente No. 00677-2016-PA/TC
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2022-08-08
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La finalidad del presente informe jurídico es analizar la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional
recaída en el expediente STC 00677-2016-PA/TC, referida al proceso llevado a cabo por Tania
Luz Mery Bravo Quispe contra el Gobierno Regional de Moquegua, quien a través de una demanda
de amparo pretende que se le reponga a su anterior puesto de trabajo al haber sido despedida por
encontrarse embarazada, señalando ser víctima de discriminación. La sentencia a ser analizada
determinó los períodos en el que la madre trabajadora cuenta con la protección especial que su
condición le brinda, estableciendo una suerte de acción afirmativa, con el fin de proteger sin prueba
en contrario respecto al despido de toda mujer en estado de gestación y dentro del periodo de
lactancia. En ese sentido, el informe desarrollará el contenido del derecho al trabajo, con especial
énfasis en la madre trabajadora, así como el derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación en
aplicación a lo solicitado por la demandante. Así mismo, se analizará el alcance de la decisión del
Tribunal, en específico si está prohibiendo en su totalidad el despido de la mujer gestante y madre
trabajadora. Por último, se examinará si la vía constitucional era la más adecuada para resolver la
controversia, o si en todo caso la vía laboral podía ser igual de satisfactoria. Con todo lo anterior,
se concluirá que la ampliación de la protección especial a la mujer gestante se encuentra justificada,
y que en el caso en específico el Tribunal Constitucional actuó de forma correcta al declarar
fundada la demanda, pero que en una instancia distinta la decisión debió ser lo opuesto.
The purpose of this legal report is to analyze the ruling of the Constitutional Court issued in the file STC 00677-2016-PA/TC, referring to the process carried out by Tania Luz Mery Bravo Quispe against the Regional Government of Moquegua, who through an amparo claim seeks to be reinstated to her previous job after having been fired for being pregnant, stating that she is a victim of discrimination. The sentence to be analyzed determined the periods in which the working mother has the special protection that her condition offers her, establishing a kind of affirmative action, in order to protect without evidence to the contrary regarding the dismissal of any woman in a state of pregnancy and during lactation. In this sense, the report will develop the content of the right to work, with special emphasis on the working mother, as well as the right to equality and non-discrimination in application of what was requested by the plaintiff. Likewise, the scope of the Court's decision will be analyzed, specifically if it is a full prohibition to dismiss pregnant women and working mothers. Finally, it will be examined whether the constitutional route was the most appropriate to resolve the dispute, or if in any case the labor law could be just as satisfactory. With all of the above, it will be concluded that the extension of special protection to pregnant women is justified, and that in the specific case the Constitutional Court acted correctly by declaring the claim founded, but that in a different instance the decision should have been the opposite.
The purpose of this legal report is to analyze the ruling of the Constitutional Court issued in the file STC 00677-2016-PA/TC, referring to the process carried out by Tania Luz Mery Bravo Quispe against the Regional Government of Moquegua, who through an amparo claim seeks to be reinstated to her previous job after having been fired for being pregnant, stating that she is a victim of discrimination. The sentence to be analyzed determined the periods in which the working mother has the special protection that her condition offers her, establishing a kind of affirmative action, in order to protect without evidence to the contrary regarding the dismissal of any woman in a state of pregnancy and during lactation. In this sense, the report will develop the content of the right to work, with special emphasis on the working mother, as well as the right to equality and non-discrimination in application of what was requested by the plaintiff. Likewise, the scope of the Court's decision will be analyzed, specifically if it is a full prohibition to dismiss pregnant women and working mothers. Finally, it will be examined whether the constitutional route was the most appropriate to resolve the dispute, or if in any case the labor law could be just as satisfactory. With all of the above, it will be concluded that the extension of special protection to pregnant women is justified, and that in the specific case the Constitutional Court acted correctly by declaring the claim founded, but that in a different instance the decision should have been the opposite.
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Derecho laboral--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho procesal laboral--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho procesal constitucional--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Despido de empleados--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Discriminación