Hacia un nuevo estándar de notificación del hecho infractor: a propósito del derecho a la comunicación previa y detallada de la acusación en sede administrativa
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Date
2024-03-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente artículo aborda las problemáticas relacionadas a la notificación del
hecho infractor, tanto en su contenido como en la oportunidad de notificación, las
cuales tienen incidencia directa en plena efectividad del derecho de defensa en
el procedimiento administrativo sancionador. Como parte del proceso de
constitucionalización del Derecho Administrativo, se propone la aplicación del
estándar más garante del derecho a la comunicación previa y detallada de la
acusación, frente a los tradicionales límites-garantías al ius puniendi de la
Administración. Así, de la interpretación de la Corte Interamericana se desprende
que los Estados deben alejarse del principio de confianza, toda vez que la
notificación del hecho infractor requiere transitar por los canales oficiales, en aras
de maximizar la vigencia del derecho de defensa. Con todo ello, se dilucida una
tarea pendiente del legislador y los administradores de justicia para adecuarse
al nuevo estándar establecido por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos
Humanos para todas relaciones procesales entre el Estado y el privado, en
particular, en el procedimiento administrativo sancionador.
This article addresses the problems related to the notification of the infringing act, both in its content and in the opportunity of notification, which have a direct impact on the full effectiveness of the right of defense in the administrative sanctioning procedure. As part of the process of constitutionalization of Administrative Law, the application of the standard plus guarantee of the right to prior and detailed communication of the accusation is proposed, compared to the traditional limitsguarantees to the ius puniendi of the Administration. Thus, from the interpretation of the Inter-American Court it follows that States must move away from the principle of trust, since notification of the infringing act requires going through official channels, in order to maximize the validity of the right of defense. With all this, a pending task for the legislator and the administrators of justice is elucidated to adapt to the new standard established by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights for all procedural relations between the State and the private sector, in particular, in the administrative sanctioning procedure.
This article addresses the problems related to the notification of the infringing act, both in its content and in the opportunity of notification, which have a direct impact on the full effectiveness of the right of defense in the administrative sanctioning procedure. As part of the process of constitutionalization of Administrative Law, the application of the standard plus guarantee of the right to prior and detailed communication of the accusation is proposed, compared to the traditional limitsguarantees to the ius puniendi of the Administration. Thus, from the interpretation of the Inter-American Court it follows that States must move away from the principle of trust, since notification of the infringing act requires going through official channels, in order to maximize the validity of the right of defense. With all this, a pending task for the legislator and the administrators of justice is elucidated to adapt to the new standard established by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights for all procedural relations between the State and the private sector, in particular, in the administrative sanctioning procedure.
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Procedimiento administrativo--Perú, Sanciones administrativas--Perú, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos--Jurisprudencia, Debido proceso--Perú
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