Informe Jurídico sobre la resolución Nº 084-2020- SUNARP- TR- A
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2024-07-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
En los últimos años, se ha puesto en evidencia una situación en el tráfico jurídico:
el boom inmobiliario. Así, los particulares utilizan los mecanismos del
ordenamiento legal para celebrar contratos que tutelen sus intereses particulares
en la compra de un bien inmueble. En ese escenario, se presentan contratos que
no siendo contratos definitivos, son contratos preparatorios que persiguen el fin
de asegurar el contrato definitivo por un espacio y tiempo determinado. Sin
embargo, en el sistema registral peruano, existe una sistemática de numerus
clausus en la inscripción de contratos y actos de carácter real, siendo
excepcionales aquellos contratos que no siendo de naturaleza real son
inscribibles o anotados en el Registro de Predios. En ese sentido, en el presente
trabajo, se puede advertir y analizar que existe una marcada diferencia en el
tratamiento jurídico entre un contrato llamado compromiso de contratar que
teniendo la misma categoría jurídica de contrato preparatorio no tiene el mismo
amparo registral que el contrato preparatorio llamado contrato de opción. Bajo
este escenario, en el presente informe jurídico, se ha desarrollado un análisis de
la naturaleza jurídica, características, jurisprudencia y doctrina respecto al
compromiso de contratar, a fin de encontrar las justificaciones jurídicas de su
inclusión como anotación preventiva en el Registro de Predios. Esto también
desde un estudio de la utilidad práctica del compromiso de contratar en las
operaciones de tráfico de bienes y desde los principios registrales de nuestro
sistema.
In recent years, a situation has become evident in the legal traffic: the real estate boom. Thus, individuals use the mechanisms of the legal system to enter into contracts that protect their particular interests in the purchase of real estate. In this scenario, there are contracts that are not definitive contracts, they are preparatory contracts that pursue the purpose of securing the definitive contract for a determined space and time. However, in the Peruvian registry system, there is a systematic closed in the registration of contracts and acts of a real nature, being exceptional those contracts that not being of a real nature are registrable or annotated in the Real Estate Registry. In this sense, in the present work, it can be noticed and analyzed that there is a marked difference in the legal treatment between a contract called commitment to contract that having the same legal category of preparatory contract does not have the same registry protection as the preparatory contract called option contract. Under this scenario, this legal report has developed an analysis of the legal nature, characteristics, jurisprudence and doctrine regarding the commitment to contract, in order to find the legal justifications for its inclusion as a preventive annotation in the Land Registry. This also from a study of the practical utility of the commitment to contract in the operations of traffic of goods and from the registry principles of our system.
In recent years, a situation has become evident in the legal traffic: the real estate boom. Thus, individuals use the mechanisms of the legal system to enter into contracts that protect their particular interests in the purchase of real estate. In this scenario, there are contracts that are not definitive contracts, they are preparatory contracts that pursue the purpose of securing the definitive contract for a determined space and time. However, in the Peruvian registry system, there is a systematic closed in the registration of contracts and acts of a real nature, being exceptional those contracts that not being of a real nature are registrable or annotated in the Real Estate Registry. In this sense, in the present work, it can be noticed and analyzed that there is a marked difference in the legal treatment between a contract called commitment to contract that having the same legal category of preparatory contract does not have the same registry protection as the preparatory contract called option contract. Under this scenario, this legal report has developed an analysis of the legal nature, characteristics, jurisprudence and doctrine regarding the commitment to contract, in order to find the legal justifications for its inclusion as a preventive annotation in the Land Registry. This also from a study of the practical utility of the commitment to contract in the operations of traffic of goods and from the registry principles of our system.
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Derecho registral--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Contratos preparatorios, Compraventa de bienes raíces