Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución del Tribunal Constitucional N° 03525-2021-PA/TC
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente informe jurídico analizará la controversia respecto al cobro de intereses
moratorios por parte de la administración tributaria en los casos en que el Estado
exceda el plazo legal para resolver recursos administrativos. Tal análisis partirá de la
resolución de sentencia del Exp. N° 03525-2021-PA/TC, conocida como el Caso
Maxco, en el cual se evalúa cómo el Tribunal Fiscal demoró más allá del plazo
legalmente establecido para resolver una apelación, mientras la SUNAT continuó
computando intereses moratorios, lo cual generó una carga económica excesiva que
llegó a contraponerse con derechos fundamentales del contribuyente y principios
constitucionales.
El análisis se fundamenta en instrumentos normativos como la Constitución Política
del Perú, así como los arts. 33 y 150 del Código Tributario, que regulan el cómputo
de intereses y los plazos para resolver recursos administrativos. Asimismo, se
recurrirá a doctrina y jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional para abordar las
figuras jurídicas relevantes del caso.
Siendo así, se concluirá la inconstitucionalidad del cobro de intereses moratorios por
períodos atribuibles a la inacción estatal, en este caso el Tribunal Fiscal, dado que
vulneran derechos fundamentales como el de petición y propiedad. En ese sentido,
el precedente vinculante que el Pleno del Tribunal Constitucional establece en la
sentencia del Caso Maxco representa un sustancial avance en la tutela de los
derechos de los contribuyentes ante prácticas desproporcionadas de la
administración pública, la cual debe obrar dentro de los límites que establece el
Estado de Derecho y buen gobierno.
This legal paper will analyze the controversy surrounding the collection of late payment interest by the tax administration in cases where the government exceeds the legal deadline for resolving administrative appeals. The analysis will begin with the ruling in Case N° 03525-2021-PA/TC, known as the Maxco Case, which examines how the Tax Court delayed resolving an appeal beyond the legal timeframe while SUNAT continued to calculate default interest, thereby imposing an excessive economic burden that conflicted with fundamental people rights and constitutional principles. The analysis will be based on regulatory instruments such as the Peruvian Political Constitution, as well as articles 33 and 150 of the Tax Code, which govern the calculation of interest and the deadlines for resolving administrative appeals. Relevant doctrine and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court will also be used to address the key legal concepts in this case. Ultimately, it will be concluded that charging late payment interest for periods attributable to state inaction—specifically the Tax Court— violates fundamental rights such as the right to petition and property. In this sense, the binding precedent established by the Constitutional Court in the Maxco Case ruling represents a significant step forward in protecting taxpayers rights against disproportionate practices by the public administration, which must operate within the limits set by the rule of law and the principles of good governance.
This legal paper will analyze the controversy surrounding the collection of late payment interest by the tax administration in cases where the government exceeds the legal deadline for resolving administrative appeals. The analysis will begin with the ruling in Case N° 03525-2021-PA/TC, known as the Maxco Case, which examines how the Tax Court delayed resolving an appeal beyond the legal timeframe while SUNAT continued to calculate default interest, thereby imposing an excessive economic burden that conflicted with fundamental people rights and constitutional principles. The analysis will be based on regulatory instruments such as the Peruvian Political Constitution, as well as articles 33 and 150 of the Tax Code, which govern the calculation of interest and the deadlines for resolving administrative appeals. Relevant doctrine and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court will also be used to address the key legal concepts in this case. Ultimately, it will be concluded that charging late payment interest for periods attributable to state inaction—specifically the Tax Court— violates fundamental rights such as the right to petition and property. In this sense, the binding precedent established by the Constitutional Court in the Maxco Case ruling represents a significant step forward in protecting taxpayers rights against disproportionate practices by the public administration, which must operate within the limits set by the rule of law and the principles of good governance.
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Mora (Derecho)--Perú, Administración tributaria-Perú, Administración pública--Perú, Derecho constitucional--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
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Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

