Informe jurídico sobre la Casación No. 904-2021/Ancash
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Fecha
2024-08-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El informe tiene como finalidad analizar las herramientas jurídicas que permiten
priorizar la evidencia psicológica de la agraviada y la prueba periférica frente al
examen médico para acreditar si se ha cometido un acto de violación sexual en
agravio de una menor de edad que tiene himen dilatable. Para ello, se debe
considerar los criterios de valoración que existen en el ordenamiento peruano
respecto de las pruebas psicológicas, físicas y periféricas. Además, se desarrolla
sobre la valoración de las pruebas a nivel individual y conjunta que se debe
realizar en cada una de ellas. Asimismo, se examina cómo se debe utilizar las
máximas de la experiencia en este tipo de delitos. Por último, se evalúa el tipo
de concurso presente cuando en un caso existen delitos como violación sexual
de menor de edad, violación sexual y actos contra el pudor.
Lo característico del caso analizado es que desarrolla que la ausencia de
desfloración himeneal y de signos de actos contra natura son suficientes para
descartar un delito en contra de la indemnidad y libertad sexual. Sin embargo,
en el presente informe, se evidencia lo contrario utilizando diversa doctrina,
normativa y jurisprudencia relacionada al tema que desvirtúa la postura que tomó
tanto la primera instancia como segunda instancia que analizó en su oportunidad
el presente caso. En ese sentido, el derecho de defensa de la menor agraviada
no se vulnera.
The purpose of this report is to analyze the legal tools that allow prioritizing the psychological evidence of the victim and the peripheral evidence over the medical examination to prove whether an act of rape has been committed against a minor with a dilatable hymen. For this purpose, the evaluation criteria that exist in the Peruvian legal system with respect to psychological, physical and peripheral evidence must be considered. In addition, it is developed on the evaluation of the evidence at the individual and joint level that must be performed in each of them. It also examines how the maxims of experience should be used in this type of crime. Finally, it evaluates the type of concurrence present when in a case there are crimes such as rape of a minor, rape and acts against modesty. The characteristic of the analyzed case is that it develops that the absence of hymenal defilement and signs of unnatural acts are sufficient to rule out a crime against sexual indemnity and freedom. However, in the present report, the contrary is evidenced by using diverse doctrine, norms and jurisprudence related to the subject, which detracts from the position taken by both the first instance and the second instance that analyzed the present case at the time. In this sense, the right of defense of the aggrieved minor is not violated.
The purpose of this report is to analyze the legal tools that allow prioritizing the psychological evidence of the victim and the peripheral evidence over the medical examination to prove whether an act of rape has been committed against a minor with a dilatable hymen. For this purpose, the evaluation criteria that exist in the Peruvian legal system with respect to psychological, physical and peripheral evidence must be considered. In addition, it is developed on the evaluation of the evidence at the individual and joint level that must be performed in each of them. It also examines how the maxims of experience should be used in this type of crime. Finally, it evaluates the type of concurrence present when in a case there are crimes such as rape of a minor, rape and acts against modesty. The characteristic of the analyzed case is that it develops that the absence of hymenal defilement and signs of unnatural acts are sufficient to rule out a crime against sexual indemnity and freedom. However, in the present report, the contrary is evidenced by using diverse doctrine, norms and jurisprudence related to the subject, which detracts from the position taken by both the first instance and the second instance that analyzed the present case at the time. In this sense, the right of defense of the aggrieved minor is not violated.
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Prueba (Derecho)--Perú, Derecho penal--Perú, Niñas maltratadas sexualmente--Perú--Ancash
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