Diseño de un concentrador solar Scheffler de 2,7 m2 , modular y transportable, con mecanismo de repliegue y despliegue
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2024-11-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente tesis trata sobre el diseño de un concentrador solar Scheffler de 2.7 m2
con
mecanismo de repliegue y despliegue, modular y transportable. La ventaja de este diseño es
que, al reducir su tamaño y volumen, se vuelve fácilmente transportable, lo que hace que esta
tecnología sea accesible incluso en zonas de difícil acceso en el Perú, donde la falta de buenas
vías y los altos costos de transporte representan barreras significativas. Esto es especialmente
relevante, dado que el diseño original del equipo implica elementos frágiles, como los espejos.
Para lograr este objetivo, en primera instancia se define el alcance de la tesis y se lleva a cabo
una investigación sobre el estado de la tecnología relacionada con concentradores solares y
sistemas desplegables, como el origami, que permite reducir en área y volumen cualquier
sistema usando patrones definidos. Luego, siguiendo la metodología de diseño según las
normas alemanas VDI 2221 y VDI 2225, se elabora una lista de requerimientos y se proponen
diseños conceptuales, seleccionando finalmente el proyecto preliminar definitivo teniendo en
cuenta aspectos técnicos y económicos. Por último, se realizan los cálculos necesarios para
dimensionar el equipo y se elaboran los planos de fabricación y ensamblaje correspondientes.
Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que se logró diseñar un concentrador solar de 2.7
m2
que reduce su volumen en más del 75% al plegarse, además de diseñarlo con una ergonomía
adecuada para su uso, ya que el foco se encuentra a 1 metro del suelo. El costo total estimado
para el diseño y la fabricación del primer prototipo es de S/. 11,401.58.
The present thesis deals with the design of a 2.7 m2 Scheffler solar concentrator with a folding and unfolding mechanism, modular and transportable. The advantage of this design is that, by reducing its size and volume, it becomes easily transportable, making this technology accessible even in hard-to-reach areas in Peru, where the lack of good roads and high transportation costs represent significant barriers. This is particularly relevant, given that the original design of the equipment involves fragile elements, such as mirrors. To achieve this objective, the scope of the thesis is first defined, and research is conducted on the state of technology related to solar concentrators and deployable systems, such as origami, which allows reducing the area and volume of any system using defined patterns. Then, following the design methodology according to the German standards VDI 2221 and VDI 2225, a list of requirements is elaborated, and conceptual designs are proposed, finally selecting the definitive preliminary project considering technical and economic aspects. Finally, the necessary calculations are made to size the equipment, and the corresponding manufacturing and assembly drawings are elaborated. The results of this research show that a 2.7 m2 solar concentrator was designed, which reduces its volume by more than 75% when folded, and it is also designed with suitable ergonomics for use, as the focal point is one meter above the ground. The estimated total cost for the design and manufacturing of the first prototype is S/. 11,401.58.
The present thesis deals with the design of a 2.7 m2 Scheffler solar concentrator with a folding and unfolding mechanism, modular and transportable. The advantage of this design is that, by reducing its size and volume, it becomes easily transportable, making this technology accessible even in hard-to-reach areas in Peru, where the lack of good roads and high transportation costs represent significant barriers. This is particularly relevant, given that the original design of the equipment involves fragile elements, such as mirrors. To achieve this objective, the scope of the thesis is first defined, and research is conducted on the state of technology related to solar concentrators and deployable systems, such as origami, which allows reducing the area and volume of any system using defined patterns. Then, following the design methodology according to the German standards VDI 2221 and VDI 2225, a list of requirements is elaborated, and conceptual designs are proposed, finally selecting the definitive preliminary project considering technical and economic aspects. Finally, the necessary calculations are made to size the equipment, and the corresponding manufacturing and assembly drawings are elaborated. The results of this research show that a 2.7 m2 solar concentrator was designed, which reduces its volume by more than 75% when folded, and it is also designed with suitable ergonomics for use, as the focal point is one meter above the ground. The estimated total cost for the design and manufacturing of the first prototype is S/. 11,401.58.
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Energía solar--Aplicaciones, Colectores solares, Energía--Tecnología
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