Performance y ritualidad: La memoria del legado africano en el Atajo navideño para el niño carmelitano Análisis del caso del Atajo de la Familia Ballumbrosio
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2022-10-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El Atajo de Negritos se danza en la Fiesta de Navidad carmelitana. En ella conviven y se transmite
la historia de los antepasados esclavos africanos y la fe católica de comunidad de El Carmen –
Chincha. Diversos autores han señalado los orígenes de esta danza en las expresiones artísticas de
las poblaciones africanas esclavizadas en la época de la conquista que continúan hasta la
actualidad. Si bien existen dichos estudios sobre los orígenes del Atajo de Negritos, aún no hay
estudios que identifiquen sus elementos y los conecten con conceptos como “performance”. En
ese sentido, a través de entrevistas, observación de ensayos, material documentado y audiovisual,
entre otros, esta investigación analiza esta danza como una performance del legado africano y, a
partir del análisis de sus elementos performáticos y modos de transmisión del legado, este trabajo
busca analizar el rol de esta performance en la construcción y continuidad de la memoria del legado
africano, vista como una pieza fundamental en la construcción de la identidad de la comunidad
carmelitana. Por otro lado, se toma al danzante como agente de esta continuidad y se analizará
cómo en la interacción del cuerpo con los elementos de la performance, se construyen y transmiten
significados y experiencias que refuerzan y perpetúan la memoria ancestral en confluencia con la
devoción religiosa. Del mismo modo, se busca señalar la importancia y rol del Atajo de Negritos
en el campo cultural y escénico. En resumen, el presente documento toma la danza Atajo de
Negritos como objeto de estudio para lograr establecer la conexión entre la performance y el legado
africano y hacer visible esta danza como una expresión artística performática.
The Atajo de Negritos is danced in the Carmelite Christmas Festivity. In it, the history of the enslaved African ancestors and the Catholic faith of the community of El Carmen - Chincha coexist and are transmitted. Some authors have pointed out the origins of this dance in the artistic expressions of the enslaved African populations at the time of the conquest until today. Although there are such studies on the origins of the Atajo de Negritos, there are still no studies that identify its elements and connect them with concepts such as "performance". In this sense, through interviews, observation of rehearsals, documented and audiovisual material, among others, this research analyzes this dance as a performance of the African legacy and, from the analysis of its performative elements and modes of transmission of the legacy, this work seeks to analyze the role of this performance in the construction and continuity of the memory of the African legacy, seen as a fundamental piece in the construction of the identity of the Carmelite community. On the other hand, the dancer is taken as an agent of this continuity and it will be analyzed how in the interaction of the body with the elements of the performance, meanings and experiences that reinforce and perpetuate the ancestral memory in confluence with religious devotion are constructed and transmitted. Likewise, it seeks to point out the importance and role of the Atajo de Negritos in the cultural and scenic field. In summary, this paper takes the Atajo de Negritos dance as an object of study in order to establish the connection between performance and African heritage and to make this dance visible as a performative artistic expression.
The Atajo de Negritos is danced in the Carmelite Christmas Festivity. In it, the history of the enslaved African ancestors and the Catholic faith of the community of El Carmen - Chincha coexist and are transmitted. Some authors have pointed out the origins of this dance in the artistic expressions of the enslaved African populations at the time of the conquest until today. Although there are such studies on the origins of the Atajo de Negritos, there are still no studies that identify its elements and connect them with concepts such as "performance". In this sense, through interviews, observation of rehearsals, documented and audiovisual material, among others, this research analyzes this dance as a performance of the African legacy and, from the analysis of its performative elements and modes of transmission of the legacy, this work seeks to analyze the role of this performance in the construction and continuity of the memory of the African legacy, seen as a fundamental piece in the construction of the identity of the Carmelite community. On the other hand, the dancer is taken as an agent of this continuity and it will be analyzed how in the interaction of the body with the elements of the performance, meanings and experiences that reinforce and perpetuate the ancestral memory in confluence with religious devotion are constructed and transmitted. Likewise, it seeks to point out the importance and role of the Atajo de Negritos in the cultural and scenic field. In summary, this paper takes the Atajo de Negritos dance as an object of study in order to establish the connection between performance and African heritage and to make this dance visible as a performative artistic expression.
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Artes escénicas, Atajo de negritos, Adoración del Niño (Danza)--El Carmen (Ica : Distrito)
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