Influencia de la Vinculación en el Precio Declarado Para la Tributación Aduanera: Tratamiento de los Precios de Transferencia en la Valoración Aduanera
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Date
2014
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El Valor en aduanas es la base imponible para los tributos a la importación, definido en el Acuerdo de Valoración de la OMC como el valor de transacción, es decir, el precio realmente pagado o por pagar por las mercancías. Sin embargo, el precio pactado entre empresas vinculadas podría no aceptarse, dado que podrían fijarse de manera que puedan sacar ventajas de los entornos fiscales donde se encuentran. Sin perjuicio de ello, la vinculación no siempre es un factor de determinación del precio, lo cual se puede probar mediante un Estudio de Precios de Transferencia (para efectos aduaneros) que desarrolle el procedimiento comparativo respecto de operaciones entre dos empresas no vinculadas en condiciones iguales o similares, contenido en la Resolución 1684 de la CAN, aportando pruebas que permitan aplicar los siguientes procedimientos: a) Análisis de las Circunstancias de la Venta, o b) Utilización de un Valor Criterio.
The Customs Value is the tax base for import taxes, defined in the Valuation Agreement of the WTO as the transaction value, the price actually paid or payable for the goods. However, the price agreed between related companies can be unacceptable, since they could be fixed to take advantage of tax environments where they are. Nonetheless, the relationship is not always a factor in determining the price, which can be tested by a Study of Transfer Pricing (for customs purposes) to develop the comparative method with respect to transactions between two unrelated companies under identical or similar conditions, contained in Andean Community Resolution 1684, providing evidence to apply the following procedures:a) Analysis of the Circumstances of the Sale, or b) Using a Criterion Value.
The Customs Value is the tax base for import taxes, defined in the Valuation Agreement of the WTO as the transaction value, the price actually paid or payable for the goods. However, the price agreed between related companies can be unacceptable, since they could be fixed to take advantage of tax environments where they are. Nonetheless, the relationship is not always a factor in determining the price, which can be tested by a Study of Transfer Pricing (for customs purposes) to develop the comparative method with respect to transactions between two unrelated companies under identical or similar conditions, contained in Andean Community Resolution 1684, providing evidence to apply the following procedures:a) Analysis of the Circumstances of the Sale, or b) Using a Criterion Value.
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Keywords
Law, Customs, Transfer Pricing, Customs Valuation, Tax Importation, Customs Law, Identical Good, Similar Good, Aduanas, Precios de transferencia, Valoración aduanera, Tributación de importación, Derecho aduanero, Mercancía idéntica, Mercancía similar
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