Construcción y validación de una escala para medir el compromiso paterno
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2011-09-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación pretende brindar un instrumento que nos permita estudiar el compromiso paterno en nuestro país. Para ello, se creó la Escala CP de Compromiso Paterno, la que se aplicó a 141 parejas de padres que tengan por lo menos un hijo o hija entre 1 y 5 años de edad. La muestra se obtuvo de nidos o colegios de nivel socioeconómico medio-alto de lima.
La escala se sometió a un análisis de contenido por criterio de jueces, luego de lo cual se eligieron los ítems que formarían parte del documento final. Éste último fue sujeto a un análisis de confiabilidad, obteniendo valores de Alfa de Cronbach adecuados, tanto para la prueba total (0.90), como para cada una de las seis áreas, encontrando valores entre 0.62 y 0.74. El análisis factorial realizado, aunque exploratorio, concluyó que una gran parte de los ítemes se ubican en las áreas correspondientes (cuidados básicos, apertura al mundo, evocaciones, interacciones, disciplina y soporte emocional y afectivo), explicando el 46% de la varianza explicada. La correlación entre el instrumento construido para esta investigación y la prueba de Satisfacción con la vida adaptada a la paternidad de Diener, nos dan cuenta de constructos altamente relacionados, lo que nos habla de la validez convergente del instrumento.
El instrumento presenta también una versión que busca conocer la percepción de las madres sobre el compromiso paterno de sus parejas, lo que nos brinda dos miradas sobre el compromiso paterno. Ello aporta al instrumento una amplitud en la observación del constructo, además de medios más eficaces de medición y comparación de resultados. Además, la alta correlación entre las respuestas de padres y madres nos muestra que la influencia de la deseabilidad social en el instrumento es mínima
La escala construida cuenta con una sección cualitativa, que consta de frases incompletas sobre el compromiso paterno, lo que ha sido fundamental para entender las características de los padres de la muestra, brindando mucha información relevante para la investigación, dando a conocer cuáles son las preocupaciones, las actitudes más y menos valoradas en ellos mismos y la imagen que tienen los padres sobre tu propia paternidad.
This research seeks to provide a tool that allows us to study parental commitment in our country. For that purpose, we created the “Escala CP” of father involvement, which applied to 141 couples of parents who have at least one child between 1 and 5 years of age. The sample was obtained from kindergardens or schools of medium-high socioeconomic level in Lima. The PC Scale was subjected to analysis of judges, after which were chosen the items to be part of the final document. This document was subject to a reliability analysis, obtaining Cronbach alpha values suitable for total testing (0.90) and for each of the six areas, with values between 0.62 and 0.74. Factorial analysis, although exploratory, concluded that much of the items are placed in relevant areas (primary care, open-mindedness, evocations, interactions, discipline and emotional support and emotional), explaining 46% of the explained variance. Correlation between the instrument built for the research and the test of life satisfaction of Diener adapted to the Paternity, denotes highly related constructs, which speaks of the convergent validity of the instrument. The instrument also offers a version that seeks to understand the perception of mothers on the father involvement in their couples, which gives us two perspectives on parental commitment. This gives the instrument a range in the observation of the construct, as well as more effective means of measuring and comparing results. In addition, the high correlation between the responses of parents shows that the influence of social desirability in the instrument is minimal. The built scale has a qualitative section, which consists of incomplete sentences about father involvement, which has been instrumental in understanding the characteristics of parents in the sample. They have given us lots of information relevant to the research, giving us to know what parents think of the shows on their own concerns, attitudes and less valued in themselves and their image on your own fatherhood.
This research seeks to provide a tool that allows us to study parental commitment in our country. For that purpose, we created the “Escala CP” of father involvement, which applied to 141 couples of parents who have at least one child between 1 and 5 years of age. The sample was obtained from kindergardens or schools of medium-high socioeconomic level in Lima. The PC Scale was subjected to analysis of judges, after which were chosen the items to be part of the final document. This document was subject to a reliability analysis, obtaining Cronbach alpha values suitable for total testing (0.90) and for each of the six areas, with values between 0.62 and 0.74. Factorial analysis, although exploratory, concluded that much of the items are placed in relevant areas (primary care, open-mindedness, evocations, interactions, discipline and emotional support and emotional), explaining 46% of the explained variance. Correlation between the instrument built for the research and the test of life satisfaction of Diener adapted to the Paternity, denotes highly related constructs, which speaks of the convergent validity of the instrument. The instrument also offers a version that seeks to understand the perception of mothers on the father involvement in their couples, which gives us two perspectives on parental commitment. This gives the instrument a range in the observation of the construct, as well as more effective means of measuring and comparing results. In addition, the high correlation between the responses of parents shows that the influence of social desirability in the instrument is minimal. The built scale has a qualitative section, which consists of incomplete sentences about father involvement, which has been instrumental in understanding the characteristics of parents in the sample. They have given us lots of information relevant to the research, giving us to know what parents think of the shows on their own concerns, attitudes and less valued in themselves and their image on your own fatherhood.
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Paternidad (Psicología)., Padres e hijos.
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