Modificación de electrodos de fieltro de grafito con nanoaleaciones de Cu y Ag para aplicaciones en procesos electro-fentón
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2017-10-18
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la presente tesis de maestría se reporta la preparación, caracterización y evaluación de electrodos de fieltro de grafito modificados con nanoaleaciones de Cu-Ag (NPs Cu- Ag), para su aplicación en procesos electro Fenton. El fieltro de grafito fue caracterizado mediante voltametría cíclica (VC), para evaluar su comportamiento electroquímico, encontrándose una mejor eficiencia al ser activado en un rango de voltaje de -2 a 2 V. Los electrodos activados fueron tratados mediante electro oxidación en presencia de HNO3 1 M y luego se caracterizaron mediante espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR). Los electrodos tratados fueron modificados mediante la deposición de NPs Ag, Cu y Cu-Ag, en medio ligeramente ácido, mediante el método de amperometría de pulso diferencial (DPA). La presencia de las NPs se confirmó mediante análisis por UV-vis de reflectancia difusa. El análisis estructural y morfológico se llevó a cabo mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX) y microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM). La evaluación de los electrodos en procesos Fenton se llevó a cabo mediante la determinación de la cantidad de H2O2 producida luego de 1 h de tratamiento, a valores de pH de 3, 7 y 10 y empleando voltajes de -1, -2 y -3 V. Se encontró que a voltajes entre -1 y -2 V, los electrodos modificados para la producción de H2O2 presentan una eficiencia por debajo de la de los electrodos tratados con HNO3, y que a -3 V, la eficiencia de los electrodos activados se multiplica solo por un factor 1,4 (40 %), mientras que la de los electrodos modificados se multiplica por factores entre 3 – 8,7, dependiendo de la relación Cu:Ag y del pH. Finalmente se determinó que es posible modificar el pH al cual se produce la máxima cantidad de H2O2, variando la proporción molar Cu:Ag.
In the present Master Degree thesis it is reported the preparation, characterization and evaluation of graphite felt electrodes modified with Cu-Ag nanoalloys (Cu-Ag NPs), for applications in Fenton processes. The graphite felt was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in order to study its electrochemical behaviour, and it was found that it yielded better efficiency when activated in a voltage range of -2 to 2 V. The activated electrodes were treated by electro oxidation in presence of HNO3 1 M and thereafter they were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The treated electrodes were modified by the deposition of Ag, Cu and Cu-Ag NPs in neutral media by means of the differential pulse amperometry method (DPA). The presence of those NPs was confirmed by diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy. The structural and morphological analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). As for the production of H2O2 after 1 h of its electro-generation, at pH values of 3, 7 and 10, and using voltages of -1, -2 and 3 V, it was found that at voltages between -1 and -2 V, the efficiency for producing H2O2 was lower for the modified electrodes than for the electrodes treated by electro-oxidizing in HNO3; and that at -3 V, the efficiency of the treated electrodes is multiplied by a factor of 1,4 (40 %), while that of the modified electrodes is multiplied by factors between 3 – 8,7, depending on the Cu: Ag ratio and pH. Finally, it was determined that the pH value at which the maximum amount of H2O2 is produced can vary according to the molar ratio Cu:Ag in these NPs.
In the present Master Degree thesis it is reported the preparation, characterization and evaluation of graphite felt electrodes modified with Cu-Ag nanoalloys (Cu-Ag NPs), for applications in Fenton processes. The graphite felt was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in order to study its electrochemical behaviour, and it was found that it yielded better efficiency when activated in a voltage range of -2 to 2 V. The activated electrodes were treated by electro oxidation in presence of HNO3 1 M and thereafter they were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The treated electrodes were modified by the deposition of Ag, Cu and Cu-Ag NPs in neutral media by means of the differential pulse amperometry method (DPA). The presence of those NPs was confirmed by diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy. The structural and morphological analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). As for the production of H2O2 after 1 h of its electro-generation, at pH values of 3, 7 and 10, and using voltages of -1, -2 and 3 V, it was found that at voltages between -1 and -2 V, the efficiency for producing H2O2 was lower for the modified electrodes than for the electrodes treated by electro-oxidizing in HNO3; and that at -3 V, the efficiency of the treated electrodes is multiplied by a factor of 1,4 (40 %), while that of the modified electrodes is multiplied by factors between 3 – 8,7, depending on the Cu: Ag ratio and pH. Finally, it was determined that the pH value at which the maximum amount of H2O2 is produced can vary according to the molar ratio Cu:Ag in these NPs.
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Fieltro de grafito, Electrodos, Nanoaleaciones, Tratamiento de aguas, Electroquímica
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