Informe jurídico sobre la resolución recaída en la Casación N° 21463-2022-Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
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El presente informe jurídico analiza la Casación Laboral N° 21463-2022-LIMA,
que resuelve la controversia sobre el despido de una trabajadora de la
Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (SBS). La sanción fue impuesta tras
verificarse que la empleada accedió, de forma deliberada, sistemática y no
autorizada, a la base de datos del Sistema Privado de Pensiones para consultar
información personal y sensible de sus compañeros de trabajo. Si bien la SBS
calificó esta conducta como una falta grave que quebrantaba la buena fe laboral,
las instancias judiciales superiores consideraron el despido como una medida
desproporcionada, principalmente por la ausencia de antecedentes disciplinarios
y por la falta de un daño material posterior demostrable.
Este trabajo sostiene una posición crítica frente al fallo de la Corte,
argumentando que la sanción de despido sí fue proporcional y razonable. El
análisis se desarrolla a través de una interpretación de la Constitución Política
del Perú, el TUO del Decreto Legislativo N° 728 (LPCL) y la Ley de Protección
de Datos Personales (LPDP). Se profundiza en que la vulneración de un derecho
fundamental constituye, por sí misma, una falta de máxima gravedad que hace
insostenible la continuidad del vínculo laboral, sin necesidad de un perjuicio
adicional. Se concluye que el razonamiento judicial, al minimizar la gravedad
intrínseca del acto y aplicar de forma laxa los atenuantes, sienta un precedente
que debilita la capacidad del empleador para proteger bienes jurídicos
esenciales.
This legal report analyzes Labor Cassation N° 21463-2022-LIMA, which resolves the controversy over the dismissal of an employee from the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance, and Pension Fund Administrators (SBS). The sanction was imposed after it was verified that the employee deliberately, systematically, and without authorization, accessed the Private Pension System's database to consult sensitive personal information of thirteen colleagues. Although the SBS classified this conduct as serious misconduct that breached labor good faith, higher judicial instances considered the dismissal a disproportionate measure, mainly due to the employee's lack of a disciplinary record and the absence of demonstrable subsequent material damage. This paper takes a critical stance against the judicial ruling, arguing that the dismissal was, in fact, proportional and reasonable. The analysis is developed through an interpretation of the Political Constitution of Peru, the Unified Text of Legislative Decree No. 728 (LPCL), and the Personal Data Protection Law (LPDP). It delves into the argument that the violation of a fundamental right constitutes, in itself, misconduct of the utmost gravity that makes the continuation of the employment relationship untenable, without the need for additional economic harm. It is concluded that the judicial reasoning, by minimizing the intrinsic gravity of the act and loosely applying mitigating factors, sets a problematic precedent that weakens the employer's ability to protect essential legal interests such as trust, institutional integrity, and the right to data protection in the workplace.
This legal report analyzes Labor Cassation N° 21463-2022-LIMA, which resolves the controversy over the dismissal of an employee from the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance, and Pension Fund Administrators (SBS). The sanction was imposed after it was verified that the employee deliberately, systematically, and without authorization, accessed the Private Pension System's database to consult sensitive personal information of thirteen colleagues. Although the SBS classified this conduct as serious misconduct that breached labor good faith, higher judicial instances considered the dismissal a disproportionate measure, mainly due to the employee's lack of a disciplinary record and the absence of demonstrable subsequent material damage. This paper takes a critical stance against the judicial ruling, arguing that the dismissal was, in fact, proportional and reasonable. The analysis is developed through an interpretation of the Political Constitution of Peru, the Unified Text of Legislative Decree No. 728 (LPCL), and the Personal Data Protection Law (LPDP). It delves into the argument that the violation of a fundamental right constitutes, in itself, misconduct of the utmost gravity that makes the continuation of the employment relationship untenable, without the need for additional economic harm. It is concluded that the judicial reasoning, by minimizing the intrinsic gravity of the act and loosely applying mitigating factors, sets a problematic precedent that weakens the employer's ability to protect essential legal interests such as trust, institutional integrity, and the right to data protection in the workplace.
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Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y Administradoras Privadas de Fondos de Pensiones (Perú), Sistema Privado de Pensiones (Perú), Empleados -- Despido--Legislación--Perú--Lima, Derecho laboral--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

