Del escenario a la pantalla: el método Chéjov como herramienta de adaptación a la actuación para la cámara
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2024-11-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El medio audiovisual configura en nuestro país una de las fuentes de trabajo más activas para
el rubro actoral. En este sentido, es importante que los actores puedan estar listos para
trabajar en los distintos formatos y lenguajes interpretativos. Sin embargo, pese a esta
necesidad, existen pocos espacios de formación para actuación frente a la cámara. Es por eso
que la presente investigación analiza de qué manera la técnica de Michael Chéjov impacta en
el proceso de adaptación de la actuación teatral a la audiovisual en alumnos de la
Especialidad de Teatro de la Facultad de Artes Escénicas de la Pontificia Universidad
Católica del Perú. Para ello, se realizó un laboratorio de cinco sesiones, en donde los
participantes, alumnos de Teatro de la PUCP, empezaron trabajando a partir de un monólogo
teatral, el cual sería llevado frente a la cámara aplicando los ejercicios de la técnica
mencionada. Para este fin, se hizo uso de los conceptos básicos de la técnica de Chéjov, así
como de los puntos principales que diferencian a la actuación teatral de la audiovisual. Esto
es por los pocos estudios existentes sobre la técnica, la cual tiene una naturaleza teatral, y su
relación con la actuación frente a la cámara. Entonces, a partir de este laboratorio se observó
cómo los ejercicios de la técnica los ayudaron a modular la proyección vocal y corporal de
los participantes, así como a enriquecer su interpretación a nivel de intenciones y matices.
Esto fue posible por la facilidad con que se abordan los ejercicios, pues fue aplicada por
alumnos de teatro en diferentes niveles de instrucción, y la inmediatez en los resultados, lo
cual es indispensables en el medio audiovisual en donde hay poco tiempo para ensayos.
The audiovisual medium is one of the most active sources of work for actors in Peru. In this context, it is important for actors to be prepared to work in different formats and interpretative languages. However, despite this need, there are few training spaces for acting in front of the camera. Hence, this research analyzes how Michael Chekhov's technique impacts the adaptation process from theatrical to audiovisual acting in students of the Theater major at the Faculty of Performing Arts of the PUCP. Due to this, a five-session laboratory was conducted, where the participants, PUCP Theater students, started working from a theatrical monologue, which would be taken in front of the camera applying the exercises of the mentioned technique. For this purpose, the basic concepts of Chekhov's technique were used, as well as the main points that differentiate theatrical from audiovisual acting, on account of the few existing studies on the technique, which has a theatrical nature, and its relationship with acting in front of the camera. As a result, the laboratory showed how the technique's exercises helped participants modulate their vocal and body projection, as well as enrich their interpretation at the level of intentions and nuances. This was possible due to the ease with which the exercises are approached, since it was applied by theater students at different levels of instruction, and the immediacy of the results, which is essential in the audiovisual medium where there is little time for rehearsals.
The audiovisual medium is one of the most active sources of work for actors in Peru. In this context, it is important for actors to be prepared to work in different formats and interpretative languages. However, despite this need, there are few training spaces for acting in front of the camera. Hence, this research analyzes how Michael Chekhov's technique impacts the adaptation process from theatrical to audiovisual acting in students of the Theater major at the Faculty of Performing Arts of the PUCP. Due to this, a five-session laboratory was conducted, where the participants, PUCP Theater students, started working from a theatrical monologue, which would be taken in front of the camera applying the exercises of the mentioned technique. For this purpose, the basic concepts of Chekhov's technique were used, as well as the main points that differentiate theatrical from audiovisual acting, on account of the few existing studies on the technique, which has a theatrical nature, and its relationship with acting in front of the camera. As a result, the laboratory showed how the technique's exercises helped participants modulate their vocal and body projection, as well as enrich their interpretation at the level of intentions and nuances. This was possible due to the ease with which the exercises are approached, since it was applied by theater students at different levels of instruction, and the immediacy of the results, which is essential in the audiovisual medium where there is little time for rehearsals.
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Actuación teatral, Actuación--Estudio y enseñanza
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