Impacto de la eco-innovación en el desempeño de las empresas: una evaluación cuantitativa
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2019-03-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la actualidad, las empresas interactúan en un entorno cada vez más dinámico y
competitivo, donde la innovación y la eco-innovación son consideradas componentes
esenciales de la estrategia. De manera particular, la eco-innovación impulsa el desarrollo
sostenible de las empresas y busca mejorar su desempeño. En este sentido, la presente
investigación se enfocó en explicar empíricamente el impacto de la eco-innovación en el
desempeño de las empresas. Por esta razón, esta investigación adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo,
explicativo, no experimental de corte transversal. Específicamente, se estudió el impacto que
tienen la eco-innovación organizacional, de proceso y de producto en el desempeño
medioambiental y en el desempeño de mercado y financiero de empresas manufactureras.
El estudio fue realizado en el contexto de países en vías de desarrollo y utilizó una
muestra de 214 empresas manufactureras localizadas en Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. El
análisis estadístico de los datos fue realizado mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales
estimado por máxima verosimilitud. Los resultados sugieren que únicamente la ecoinnovación
organizacional y la eco-innovación de proceso tiene un impacto directo positivo y
significativo tanto en el desempeño medioambiental como en el desempeño de mercado y
financiero de las empresas manufactureras, mientras la eco-innovación de producto no lo
tiene. Asimismo, otro de los principales hallazgos es que la eco-innovación organizacional
tiene un impacto indirecto y significativo en la eco-innovación de producto, en el desempeño
medioambiental y en el desempeño de mercado y financiero. Finalmente, la eco-innovación
de proceso no tiene un impacto indirecto y significativo en los dos tipos de desempeño
indicados.
At present, companies interact in an increasingly dynamic and competitive environment, where innovation and eco-innovation are considered essential components of the strategy. In a particular way, eco-innovation promotes the sustainable development of companies and seeks to improve their performance. In this sense, the present research focused on explaining empirically the impact of eco-innovation on the performance of companies. For this reason, this research adopted a quantitative, explanatory, non-experimental, crosssectional approach. Specifically, the impact of organizational, process and product ecoinnovation on environmental performance and market and financial performance of manufacturing companies was studied. The study was conducted in the context of developing countries and used a sample of 214 manufacturing companies located in Colombia, Ecuador and Perú. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using a structural equation model estimated by maximum likelihood. The results suggest that only organizational eco-innovation and process ecoinnovation have a positive and significant direct impact on environmental performance as well as on the market and financial performance of manufacturing companies, while product eco-innovation does not have it. Likewise, another of the main findings is that organizational eco-innovation has an indirect and significant impact on product eco-innovation, environmental performance and market and financial performance. Finally, process ecoinnovation does not have an indirect and significant impact on the two types of performance indicated.
At present, companies interact in an increasingly dynamic and competitive environment, where innovation and eco-innovation are considered essential components of the strategy. In a particular way, eco-innovation promotes the sustainable development of companies and seeks to improve their performance. In this sense, the present research focused on explaining empirically the impact of eco-innovation on the performance of companies. For this reason, this research adopted a quantitative, explanatory, non-experimental, crosssectional approach. Specifically, the impact of organizational, process and product ecoinnovation on environmental performance and market and financial performance of manufacturing companies was studied. The study was conducted in the context of developing countries and used a sample of 214 manufacturing companies located in Colombia, Ecuador and Perú. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using a structural equation model estimated by maximum likelihood. The results suggest that only organizational eco-innovation and process ecoinnovation have a positive and significant direct impact on environmental performance as well as on the market and financial performance of manufacturing companies, while product eco-innovation does not have it. Likewise, another of the main findings is that organizational eco-innovation has an indirect and significant impact on product eco-innovation, environmental performance and market and financial performance. Finally, process ecoinnovation does not have an indirect and significant impact on the two types of performance indicated.
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Palabras clave
Competitividad, Innovación, Desarrollo sostenible--Aspectos ambientales., Investigación cuantitativa