Estudio de caso de una niña de 5 años 10 meses con dificultades en los componentes léxico semántico, morfosintáctico y fonético fonológico
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Date
2022-06-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El lenguaje es considerado el instrumento que nos permite comunicar sentimientos, pensamientos, emociones,
así como establecer relaciones interpersonales con nuestros pares. Ahora bien, el buen desarrollo desde
tempranas edades o el retraso del mismo, logran la buena interacción o dificultad en todos sus ámbitos. Gracias
a ello, los especialistas de lenguaje pueden orientar a los padres para mejorar las falacias que su menor
presente en el desarrollo lingüístico, ello le permite enfrentarse con seguridad a su entorno social y escolar. El
objetivo del presente estudio es diseñar un plan de evaluación e intervención acorde a las necesidades que
requiere una niña de 5 años 10 meses con dificultades de lenguaje. Dicha dificultad se muestra en los
componentes del lenguaje, donde se observa un perfil lingüístico no esperado para su edad. El modelo de
intervención que se sigue es el híbrido, el cual considera estímulos lingüísticos que tiene como fin que el niño
responda a las tareas, pero también de modelar las formas lingüísticas que se desea resaltar. Al término de la
intervención se refleja un mayor dominio del vocabulario expresivo, vinculado a las categorías propuestas, un
mejor seguimiento de instrucciones simples de una acción + 3 elementos, comprensión de preguntas con los
encabezadores “¿Cuál?”, “¿Con qué?”, “¿Con quién?”; en cuanto al trabajo de las oraciones simples del tipo
“S+V+O”, logró incluir algunas preposiciones. Se concluye que dicho plan permitió a la niña mostrar avances
en los componentes léxico semántico y morfosintáctico, que contribuyó a mejorar la interacción con su entorno
familiar, social y escolar.
The Language is considered an instrument which allows us communicate feelings, thoughts, emotions, as well as to establish interpersonal relationships with others. Now, a good development from an early age or the delay of it achieve good interaction or difficulty in all its areas. Thanks to this, language specialists can guide parents to improve the fallacies that their child presents in the linguistic development, this also allows them to face safely his or her social and school environment. The objective of this study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the needs required by a girl of 5 years with 10 months old with language difficulties. This difficulty is shown in the components of the language, we can observe a linguistic profile not expected for their age. The intervention model that is followed is the hybrid, which considers linguistic stimuli that aims to make the child respond to the tasks, but also to model the linguistic forms that you want to highlight. At the end of the intervention, a greater mastery of expressive vocabulary is reflected, linked to the proposed categories, a better follow-up of simple instructions of an action plus 3 elements, understanding questions with the headers "Which one?", "With what?", "With whom?"; as by the work of simple sentences of the type "S+V+O", she managed to include some prepositions. In conclusion this plan allowed the girl to show advances in the semantic and morphosyntactic lexical components, which contributed to improve the interaction with her familiar, social and school environment.
The Language is considered an instrument which allows us communicate feelings, thoughts, emotions, as well as to establish interpersonal relationships with others. Now, a good development from an early age or the delay of it achieve good interaction or difficulty in all its areas. Thanks to this, language specialists can guide parents to improve the fallacies that their child presents in the linguistic development, this also allows them to face safely his or her social and school environment. The objective of this study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the needs required by a girl of 5 years with 10 months old with language difficulties. This difficulty is shown in the components of the language, we can observe a linguistic profile not expected for their age. The intervention model that is followed is the hybrid, which considers linguistic stimuli that aims to make the child respond to the tasks, but also to model the linguistic forms that you want to highlight. At the end of the intervention, a greater mastery of expressive vocabulary is reflected, linked to the proposed categories, a better follow-up of simple instructions of an action plus 3 elements, understanding questions with the headers "Which one?", "With what?", "With whom?"; as by the work of simple sentences of the type "S+V+O", she managed to include some prepositions. In conclusion this plan allowed the girl to show advances in the semantic and morphosyntactic lexical components, which contributed to improve the interaction with her familiar, social and school environment.
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Keywords
Trastornos del habla en niños--Estudio de casos, Trastornos del aprendizaje (Educación)--Estudio de casos, Niños--Lenguaje--Estudio de casos