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URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/7314

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  • Ítem
    Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance in Small Manufacturing Companies: The Moderating Effect of Managerial Ambidexterity
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-07-24) Ortiz Regalado, Oscar; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    Intellectual capital is crucial for the development and sustainable success of small manufacturing enterprises in emerging economies, and it has gained considerable relevance in business management. Despite numerous studies on intellectual capital and financial performance, several questions remain unresolved, such as: What is the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in small businesses? and What effect does managerial ambidexterity have on the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance in small businesses? These questions highlight the need to address existing knowledge gaps. This study determined the relationship of intellectual capital as a whole, as well as each of its dimensions, with the financial performance of small businesses. Additionally, it examined the moderating effect of managerial ambidexterity on the relationship between intellectual capital, both as a whole and in each of its dimensions, and the financial performance of small businesses. The research adopted a quantitative and cross- sectional approach, involving 506 owner-managers. The questionnaire used consisted of 46 questions, and the collected data were subjected to Cronbach's Alpha tests and an Exploratory Factor Analysis. Finally, the validity of the proposed model was verified through a Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling, using SPSS 27 and AMOS 24. The results indicate that intellectual capital, composed of human, structural, and relational capital, has a positive and significant relationship with financial performance. Furthermore, managerial ambidexterity was found to positively moderate this relationship, enhancing financial performance through the balance of exploitation and exploration activities. However, no significant moderating effect of ambidexterity was found on the relationship between human capital and financial performance.
  • Ítem
    Gobierno corporativo: relación entre la dualidad CEO-Chairman y la eficacia del control del directorio
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020-05-13) Freire Quintero, César Enrique; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar el gobierno corporativo desde la perspectiva de la dualidad CEO-Chairman y su relación con la eficacia del control del directorio. Esta relación se analizó a través de un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, usando fuentes de datos primarias y secundarias. Se seleccionó una muestra de 347 empresas con ventas mayores a US$ 5’000,000, a las cuales se les suministró un cuestionario para medir la variable eficacia del control del directorio. Para medir la variable dualidad CEO-Chairman se hizo uso de información secundaria; así mismo, se realizó una verificación sobre el funcionamiento de la dualidad. Se encontró que la dualidad CEO-Chairman se relaciona de forma significativa con los constructos de la eficacia del control del Directorio reflejada como el desempeño de directorios independientes y la supervisión de riesgo. El resultado de la relación de dualidad CEO-Chairman y desempeño de directores independientes se muestra inverso, mientras que con la supervisión de riesgo este se vuelve directo. En conclusión, los resultados obtenidos aportan teóricamente al conocimiento respecto a las prácticas del buen gobierno corporativo.
  • Ítem
    Impacto de la eco-innovación en el desempeño de las empresas: una evaluación cuantitativa
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019-03-27) Barriga, Holger R.; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    En la actualidad, las empresas interactúan en un entorno cada vez más dinámico y competitivo, donde la innovación y la eco-innovación son consideradas componentes esenciales de la estrategia. De manera particular, la eco-innovación impulsa el desarrollo sostenible de las empresas y busca mejorar su desempeño. En este sentido, la presente investigación se enfocó en explicar empíricamente el impacto de la eco-innovación en el desempeño de las empresas. Por esta razón, esta investigación adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo, explicativo, no experimental de corte transversal. Específicamente, se estudió el impacto que tienen la eco-innovación organizacional, de proceso y de producto en el desempeño medioambiental y en el desempeño de mercado y financiero de empresas manufactureras. El estudio fue realizado en el contexto de países en vías de desarrollo y utilizó una muestra de 214 empresas manufactureras localizadas en Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. El análisis estadístico de los datos fue realizado mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales estimado por máxima verosimilitud. Los resultados sugieren que únicamente la ecoinnovación organizacional y la eco-innovación de proceso tiene un impacto directo positivo y significativo tanto en el desempeño medioambiental como en el desempeño de mercado y financiero de las empresas manufactureras, mientras la eco-innovación de producto no lo tiene. Asimismo, otro de los principales hallazgos es que la eco-innovación organizacional tiene un impacto indirecto y significativo en la eco-innovación de producto, en el desempeño medioambiental y en el desempeño de mercado y financiero. Finalmente, la eco-innovación de proceso no tiene un impacto indirecto y significativo en los dos tipos de desempeño indicados.
  • Ítem
    Incidencia de la actitud conductual en las intenciones emprendedoras
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019-03-27) Diez Farhat, Said V.; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    Las intenciones emprendedoras han sido un tema estudiado con frecuencia por la comunidad científica. La literatura existente expresan argumentos variados, en el cual el tema central es como se determina la intención emprendedora. El presente estudio incluyó tres propósitos específicos. El primero fue explicar la incidencia de la proactividad en las intenciones emprendedoras en los estudiantes de pregrado; el segundo fue explicar la incidencia de la propensión al riesgo en las intenciones emprendedoras en los estudiantes de pregrado y el tercero fue explicar la incidencia de la autoeficacia en las intenciones emprendedoras en los estudiantes de pregrado. La recolección de datos fue realizada en ocho universidades ubicadas en las tres provincias de mayor población, importancia económica y número de estudiantes universitarios en el Ecuador. Mediante el análisis usando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales se demostró que la autoeficacia como factor reflectivo de segundo orden y la proactividad como factor reflectivo unidimensional, tienen una influencia significativa en la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes universitarios de Ecuador.
  • Ítem
    Political risk and success factors in public-private partnerships at the subnational level: the case of road infrastructure concessions
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-12-06) Mestizo Reyes, Rubén D.; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) are contractual figures through which the public and private sectors participate together in the provision of public goods and services, with multiple degrees of involvement and allocation of responsibilities, and multiple types of arrangements such as concessions (PPP in Infrastructure Resource Center [PPPIRC], 2015). Thus, an adequate risk distribution among the parties is required to ensure the success of a project. Although there is extensive research to understand risk in PPP at the national level, it has been found that there is a lack of research on the role of political risk and critical success factors coming from subnational spheres, on PPP success. Therefore, the current study related perceptions on political risk, and critical success factors with the probability of success or failure of an infrastructure project performed under concessions at the subnational level. The types of political risk included were: (a) currency inconvertibility, (b) breach of contract, (c) expropriation, (d) political violence, (e) legal and bureaucratic risk, and (f) non-governmental actions. Meanwhile, the critical success factors involved were: (a) favourable economic conditions, (b) available financial markets, (c) effective procurement and (d) government guarantee (Hardcastle et al., 2005). These factors were related through structural equation modelling (SEM). Results showed that both critical success factors and political risk factors were found to have a significant relationship with the success or failure of PPP in infrastructure projects at the subnational levels. There was a statistically significant, positive relationship, between critical success factors and success of public-private partnership infrastructure projects. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant, positive, indirect effect of political risk factors on success, following the idea that properly identified critical success factors and political success factors influence the final outcome of a project at the subnational level. In turn, political risk factors had a statistically significant effect on critical success factors, thus proving the relationship between both constructs found in the literature. These results confirmed the importance of both political risk and critical success factors on PPP success or failure, as well as remarking the need of taking subnational factors into account when dealing with such projects.
  • Ítem
    The relationship between supply chain strategies and supply chain management practices at manufacturing companies
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-10-11) Escalante Gómez, Juan Esteban; Guevara Moncada, Rubén
    The purpose of this research was to find the relationship that exists between supply chain strategies and supply chain management practices at manufacturing companies. A sample of 195 firms in Colombia was used. Data analysis was performed in three phases. Initially, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out to identify the dimensions underlying each construct and derive, from the literature, a parsimonious configuration of supply chain management strategies and practices. Then, using a confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and degree of fit of the measurement models was evaluated. Finally, a structural equation model was built to test the formulated hypotheses (CMIN/DF=1.865, RMSEA=0.067, CFI=0.884, IFI=0.888, PNFI=0.623). Results in terms of correspondence were dissimilar, as a positive and statistically significant link was found between the constructs lean supply chain strategy and relationship with supply chain partners (H1a, y11=0.750, p<0.01), lean supply chain strategy and information management (H1b, y21=0.705, p<0.01) and between agile supply chain strategy and relationship with supply chain partners (H2a, y12=0.420, p<0.01). However, links between lean supply chain strategy and postponement (H1c, y31=-0.182, p>0.01), agile supply chain strategy and information management (H2b, y22=0.201, p>0.01) and agile supply chain strategy and postponement (H2c, y32=0.227, p>0.01) were not supported by empirical evidence. This allowed concluding that planning and formulating a specific supply chain strategy must involve a joint deployment of the practices appropriate for materializing it and that not all supply chain management practices support fulfilling the goals defined for the chain. For future work, including an analysis of the effect of variables such as demand uncertainty, company size or type of industry in the evaluated relationship is suggested. The importance of longitudinal measurements or evaluations with a qualitative approach to understand the phenomenon being studied is also mentioned.