(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2011-12-18) Cattan, Marguerite
This article provides a detailed discussion of events prior to the writing of the Instrucción al licenciado don Lope García de Castro (1570). It reconsiders the historical events and political maneuvering that lead to the composition of the Instrucción in order to identify the possible interests and motivations behind this manuscript and the objectives pursued by it. It also includes a chronological table of the available documentation
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2011-12-18) Ravi Mumford, Jeremy
Viceroy Francisco de Toledo (1569-81) both reviled and admired the Incas. Surprisingly, he identified exactly the same aspects of their rule to praise and to condemn. To supply a legal justification for the Spanish conquest of Tawantinsuyu, Toledo and his advisers set out to prove that the Incas met the definition of tyranny in Castilian law, as explained by Aristotle and codified in the Siete Partidas. Tyranny was defined by specific elements: state surveillance and control, a climate of fear, the destruction of civil society, social leveling, and a monopoly by the state over its subjects’ time, labor, and property. But even while condemning the Inca regime for these methods, Toledo came to believe that these methods had enabled the Incas to rule well and to create a prosperous society in the Andes. The viceroy self-consciously emulated the same aspects of Inca rule that he invoked to prove that they were tyrants.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2011-12-18) Estruch, Dolores; Rodríguez, Lorena B.; Becerra, María Florencia
In the late seventeenth century the mayors of the cities of Jujuy and Catamarca confronted the mining authorities of Puna de Jujuy and the Yocavil valley. Documents relating to both areas describe, in almost identical ways, how the magistrates defended the scope of their respective jurisdictions by insisting on their jurisdictional rights. The object of this article is, from a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective, to analyze the impact of mining in these two regions of northwest Argentina during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Mining was the motivation for occupying these new territories, but it also formed the background for battles over jurisdiction and territorial rights.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2011-12-21) Contreras, Carlos
This articles is divided into two sections: the first presents the most solid quantitative series on Peruvian production and commerce during the transitional period of independence. From the series is can be deduced that emancipation brought with it a contraction of production and commerce which was prolonged well into the second half of the nineteenth century. The second section deals with the characteristics of the state political economy after independence, particularly between 1821 and the 1870s. What stands out is official state neutrality with regards to mining and fiscal mitigation. These measures provoked complaints at the time and brought about the contraction mentioned above. But it also meant a certain amount of wellbeing for the Indians which was manifested in their demographic growth during the nineteenth century.