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Comunidades indígenas de la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador: permanencia de la sombra del régimen de hacienda
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Tuaza Castro, Luis Alberto
This paper analyzes current indigenous politics, from an approachto the indigenous communities historical process in the area of Guamote Totorillas, Ecuador. It is argued that after the dissolution of the hacienda system new forms of indigenous leadership emerged. The pervasiveness of ancient forms of leadership stemming from the hacienda system, though, prevent communities efforts to achieve unity and the design of a long term political project.
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Por el curso de las quebradas hacia el ‘territorio integral indígena’: autonomía, frontera y alianza entre los awajún y wampis
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Garra, Simone; Riol Gala, Raúl
In the framework of the self-determination process of ‘indigenous integral territories’ led by the Coordinadora Regional de los Pueblos Indígenas (CORPI), the Awajún and Wampis organizations have been defining their territories in a series of intra- and inter-ethnic meetings, objectifying their relationship with their respective geographic areas. In this sense, such process of indigenous autonomization interacts with State models and political institutions. In this paper,on the basis of our participation in anthropological reports to support the demand for recognition of ‘integral territories’, we try todescribe and analyze the dynamics of local autonomy, supra-local alliances and inter-ethnic borders among the Awajún and Wampis and how such dynamics have mobilized them facing the increasing pressure by the national society and global capitalism.
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¿Con o sin ancestros? Vigencia de lo ancestral en la Amazonía peruana
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Mouriès, Thomas
The existence —or not— of the concept of ancestors in the indigenous Amazon has been the subject of much debate. However, regional leaders do not hesitate to call upon ‘ancestral’ knowledge, customs, or territories in the sense that, from an academic point of view, could appear enigmatic. «Ancestral, but… with or without ancestors?» is the question a confused anthropologist might ask. In this article, I propose to offer elements of a response to this question,based on a case study in Peru. First I analyze how Amazonian indigenous leaders, following international law, have adopted the legal notion of ‘ancestral possession’ of their territory to adapt it to the political sphere. This approach accounts for the recent generalization and uniformization of the term ‘ancestral’, but poses the problem of how it articulates with the indigenous cosmologies that it supposes to reflect. For this reason, I explore in the second section the pertinence of the category of ‘ancestor’ in the indigenous Amazon, briefly drawing upon the academic debate in order to define inwhat way this category takes on meaning. Based on testimony from an experienced Awajún leader, we thus return in the third section more explicitly to the different meanings and planes of reference that unfold when one uses the term ‘ancestral’, showing how Amazonian indigenous people not only adopt external conceptual elements and arguments, but also transform them based on their own cosmological singularities and political perspectives.
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Epílogo: una antropología de lo político en la Amazonía indígena contemporánea
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Surrallés, Alexandre
El artículo no presenta resumen.
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Los planes de vida y la política indígena en la Amazonía peruana
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Espinosa, Oscar
In this article the political dimension of the «planes de vida indígena» (indigenous life plans) are discussed in three cases from the Peruvian Amazon region. In these cases, the «planes de vida» have fulfilled a role in the process of indigenous self-government or in the negotiation of the indigenous agenda vis-à-vis the State. The three cases studied are those of the Achuar people, an Ashaninka local organization – the Central Asháninka del Río Ene (CARE) – and the case of AIDESEP, the national-level indigenous organization for the Amazon region in Peru.
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Territorialidad y autonomía, proyectos minero-energéticos y consulta previa: el caso de los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonia ecuatoriana
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) García Serrano, Fernando
From the review of two areas of relative state / indigenous peoples, territoriality, mining and energy projects and consultation, is to analyze the progress, setbacks and dissections lived in this relationshipduring the period 1990-2013, to contribute to the discussion of this problem in other countries experiencing similar circumstancesin Latin America. Of particular importance is the case of Ecuador to the constitutions of 1998 and 2008, in which the multiethnic and multicultural nature of the Ecuadorian State acknowledged at the first, and the plurinational and intercultural character in the second. Likewise, the indigenous movement since its emergence as an actor in national politics since 1990, has not only been a pioneer and leader in the region, but has been challenger extractivismo process carried outby the state.
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Entre discurso político y fuerza espiritual. Fundación de las organizaciones indígenas awajún y wampis (1977-1979)
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Romio, Silvia
The present article proposes an ethno-political analisis of the conceptof indigenous organization. The Huambisa Aguaruna Council(HAC) was the first Awajun and Wambis indigenous organization,which at the end of the seventies achieved to be the representant of almost all of the rivers in the Condorcanqui district (Amazonas region). This study seeks to understand how this first phase of construction of indigenous organization was characterized by the definition of a new form of leadership, in which a new generation of indigenous leaders showed great ability in negotiating concepts of ancestral life with new abilities and ideas learned through the interaction with the outside world. As such this new generation could be a bridge in between the expectations of the native communities and the imposed demands by Peruvian institutions.
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Trayectoria de productores familiares. Comunidad Andrés Coliqueo. Comuna de Freire
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Bravo Cuervo, Jorge; Pérez Infante, Sandra
This document is part of the results of the study called The Path of Agricultural Producers in the Pelleco Community (1986-2006),which was in continuance to the 1980s study called The Mapuche Smallholding/Farmstead Historical Development of Agriculturein Pelleco which gathered data in 1986 under the authorization of Bravo and Sotomayor (1992). The new study was aimed at as certaining the development of Pelleco family producers during the years 1986-2006. Also, to compare a typology of Mapuche farms to the typology established in 1986. This was a longitudinal study that included quantitative and qualitative data including household surveys, interviews with community leaders, and farmers relevant to the study. Due to the trajectory path of family farmers; it was possible to distinguishthe developments. Also it was possible to identify a process of restructuring its production system which was generated within families as a response to social needs and conditions presented in the natural and social environment.
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Petróleo, desarrollo y naturaleza: aproximaciones a un escenario de ampliación de las fronteras extractivas hacia la Amazonía suroriente en el Ecuador
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Vallejo, Ivette
The article discusses the expansion of extractive frontiers in the southeastern region of Ecuador, with the bidding for oil blocksaround XI Round Oil. It presents the results of a research done 2013-2014, which aimed to analyze the bonds between extractiveand developmental policies and their effects on indigenous people’s territorial dynamics. The research included interviewing leaders ofindigenous organizations and government officials in the province of Pastaza, conducting thematic forums and monitoring of key events(forums), plus reviewing documentary sources. This article describes government policies that strengthen the developmental cosmography and coloniality of nature in the Amazon, and cause setbacks in the implementation of collective rights, while various positions,narratives and indigenous people agency activated conflicts around the control over territory and resources.
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Ambigüedad epistemológica y moral en el cosmos social de los yine
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-17) Opas, Minna
Like many indigenous peoples in Amazonia, also the Peruvian Yine people adhere to a social cosmology that can be called perspectivist. It includes a number of intentional beings which in different situations can transform into or be conceived of as being human. In such a transformative world, what most concerns the Yine is the epistemological ambiguity inherent in the situation: one can neverbe entirely certain of the human condition of the other person. In this paper, I shall discuss one aspect thus far little examined in relationto perpectivist cosmologies, namely morality. I shall do this by studying the causes and consequences of the epistemological ambiguity: How is the category of the human conceptualised among the Yine? In terms of morality, what separates humans from other beings with subjectivity? What consequences does this ambiguity have for the Yine daily life? I will suggest that in the Yine social cosmos a number of different human positions exist which are situated on a moral continuum without any fixed boundaries between them. Examples will be drawn from both the interaction between legitimate Yine humans and between humans and non-humans.

Anthropologica. Vol. 32 Núm. 33 (2014)

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