(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Dávila Alvarado, César Alejandro
The aims of this paper are: (i) at a conceptual level, to present a typology (not exhaustive) of evidentiary errors that usually occur in tax proceedings and processes in Peru, grouped according to the stages of the evidentiary activity where they occur, and to propose a terminological apparatus to describe with greater explanatory power what happens when a decision is made on the factual premise in tax proceedings and processes. Similarly, (ii) with regards to the dogmatic dimension, an examination shall be undertaken to scrutinize the legal ramifications ensuing from these errors, in strict accordance with the prevailing legal framework.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Durán Rojo, Luis; Arbieto Alfaro, Hugo Martín
The peruvian Constitucional Court established a vinculant precedent about the inaplication of moratorium interest for tax debt due to the administration’s or judge delay in resolving people and companies demand’s. The autors explore the creation of precedents by the constitucional court, the nature of moratorium interest and analyzes, from the legal and constitutional perspective, if the inaplication of moratorium interest is a correct, proportional and reasonable solution for the administration or judge delay in resolving tax demand’s.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Loayza Ormachea, Carlos
The article develops the current regulatory framework for Medical Cannabis in Peru. At first, it presents and develops certain key concepts to understand the medicinal properties of Cannabis and its components. Subsequently, it analyzes the relationship between the fundamental right to health and its elements with Medical Cannabis. Then, it analyzes both its legal and regulatory framework and, finally, it analyzes its deficiencies and offers proposals to improve it from a regulatory perspective.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Otárola Azabache, Silvia; Silva Longobardi, Paula
The construction industry is highly conflictive and adversarial. Given the existence of clauses that generate an evident imbalance between the parties and where the solutions proposed to result in the benefit of only one party, the need to incorporate collaborative practices that promote active and reciprocal cooperation between the parties during all stages of the project becomes more evident. This article aims to recommend three practices that, if included in the construction contract, help to carry out an efficient contract administration, to reduce the potential for possible conflicts, and, with it, to prioritize the project’s objectives.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Rodríguez Uriol, Dario Andrés
The multi-tiered dispute resolution clauses are a very popular type of arbitration agreement nowadays. These clauses provide that, in order to resolve disputes arising out of a contractual relationship, the parties may or should have recourse to more than one dispute resolution mechanism, which will be used progressively, one after the other. Although this type of covenants may present advantages for the parties, they may also become problematic clauses, which, when inadequately designed or managed, may be a source of additional conflicts to those already arising. For this reason, this article will analyze the main problems that arise in connection with this type of agreement. More specifically, three issues are analyzed in relation to the pre-arbitration stages: their enforceability, the most relevant factors to be taken into account for their execution and compliance, and the consequences of non-compliance for the arbitration process.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Vásquez Rebaza, Walter
This work addresses, from a legal perspective, a legal remedy specific to construction contracts that has significant practical applicability in contemporary projects: the back charge. Despite its importance, the understanding of the back charge as a contractual instrument and as a private legal remedy is still quite limited, resulting in significant gaps in legal knowledge on the subject in Peru and, in general, in civil law jurisdictions.In light of this reality, this legal research article proposes a basic configuration of the back charge, its concept, characteristics, and standard operation, as well as its main practical and dysfunctional aspects. It also examines whether the Peruvian Civil Code recognizes any similar legal remedy. Furthermore, guidelines are outlined for the balanced incorporation of this concept into contemporary construction contracts.To achieve these purposes, this research takes into account the configuration of the back charge in private contemporary construction contracts with an international focus, in which the legal remedy in question originates voluntarily (i.e., derived from the private autonomy of the parties), sometimes considering international standard contractual models (such as FIDIC and NEC).
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Bedoya Denegri, Alonso
It is well known that the confrontation in an arbitral procedure to obtain a favorable award implies a strenuous effort by both the parties and their respective legal. Even more in the framework of international arbitration and investment treaty arbitration between a State and a foreign investor. However, it should not be overlooked that many times the heart of the matter lies in the enforcement of the award. Having a favorable award is no small task, yet we cannot ignore the dire reality in which investors face off a perilous journey in order to enforce what is lawfully theirs.Thus, this article deals with the aftermath of a victorious award for the foreign investor, who often cannot see the decision contained in the award materialize, due to a lack of compromise of the respective State which adduces several foreign immunity regulations, which makes enforcing an award a titanic feat, therefore turning the arbitral victory into a Pyrrhic victory.In this scenario, and for illustration purposes we will use, the biblical passage of David and Goliath to demonstrate the Dantesque feat to which each investor must succumb in order to enforce assets pertaining to the State. Consequently, this paper will analyze the ways in which investors may have a chance of enforcing a favorable award without being limited to sovereign immunity legislation.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Villanueva Caceres, Gabriela
The Environmental Authority has identified the existence of millions of hectares of degraded ecosystems that provide ecosystem services that need to be recovered. This problem constitutes a natural infrastructure gap that must be addressed by the authorities to establish actions that promote investments in natural protection. An alternative to reduce this gap is the application of the Works for Taxes mechanism. This is a public investment execution modality that allows to have quality infrastructure and services in an agile way through the cooperation of the public and private sectors. Implemented since 2009, it operates successfully, contributing to the closing of priority infrastructure and services gaps at the national level. However, it is not usually used for the implementation of environmental investments. Therefore, this article analyzes the potential of the application of Works for Taxes as a mechanism to close environmental infrastructure gaps.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Tapia Benavente, Carlos
This article will analyze the current regulation of the mechanism of Obras por Impuestos, specifically, the tools for dispute resolution and will evaluate the possibility of including Dispute Boards as a contribution to prevent and solve disputes in a timely manner, cost efficient, and to promote the use of Obras por Impuestos to reduce the infrastructure gap in Peru.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-16) Ugarte Carmelino, Ameth; Loaiza Porcel, Alexandra
The use of standardized contracts in the implementation of public infrastructure projects has marked a milestone in infrastructure investment policies in Peru. Since 2019, New Engineering Contracts (NEC) have been the ones that have had significant use in construction projects in which one of the contracting parties is the Peruvian State. Therefore, the need arises to study financing risk management and its specific regulation in this type of contract. Given the importance of correct financing risk management in a NEC contract, this article will analyze the related duties and obligations, as well as the origin and consequences of the well-known.