Debates en Sociología. Núm. 55 (2022)
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14657/193829
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Asimetrías pendientes de resolver(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) López García, Irene MaríaIn Spain, the role of women within trade unions is little known. The purpose of this article is to describe the asymmetrical position of many women with respect to that of men in different facets of the life trajectory, that is, in the reproductive, productive and trade union work. It particularly analyzes the expressions of these inequalities in women who opted for professions in the field of social welfare and trade unionism, in the specific areas of health, education and social services. Traditionally feminized spaces and professions, in which their equivalence is not shown in the affiliation and leadership of trade union organizations. With the intention of understanding these manifestations, life history is used under the qualitative approach, a technique that allows transcending individual narratives to a collective experience. During the analysis, in which their biographies are traversed from domestic to professional places, it is observed how in the exercise of their union action converge those dynamics that have been legitimizing, over time, this gender differentiation. These are reiterated both in their formulas of internal trade union organization and in their participation strategies on employment and the labor market.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Iguales pero distintos(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Schaigorodsky, EmiliaThe article presents the results of the research regarding business elites of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, between 2015 and 2019. Beginning with the discussion of Latin-American and Argentinian research literature, it focuses on the analysis of businessmen’s social trajectories, describing its similarities and building a typology of its differences. The inquiry takes, as a theoretical position, the proposal of Tilly (2000) regarding inequality mechanisms. The research was carried out with a qualitative methodological approach, including multiple techniques (press analysis, observation and biographical interviews). A positional method for the identification of elites was used (Perissinotto and Codato, 2015), for the purpose of constructing social trajectories. The main results paved the way for building four types of trajectories, taking into account two analytical axis: economic activity in relation with the agents’ origin sociabilities; and their ways of political participation within the business communities. These results shed light on the heterogeneity followed by economic elites, and the importance of its understanding in view of inequalities present in Latin-American societies.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Justicia de género transformadora(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) Boesten, JelkeDrawing on Andrea Durbach’s work around post-conflict transformative gender justice, this paper asks if criminal justice for conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) can bring about transformative gender justice in Latin America. The paper offers a comparative analysis of two judicial cases of conflict-related rape: the Sepur Zarco case in Guatemala and the Manta y Vilca case in Peru. The paper argues that domestic courts can have important transformative effects on victim-survivors, their families and on criminal justice practices for CRSV, when international standards for evidentiary practice are adhered to within the specific local context of the case in question, as was the case of Sepur Zarco. If international standards of evidentiary practice are not considered, it is much less likely that such cases are transformative, in fact, the process might do harm, as in the case of Manta y Vilca. Therefore, criminal justice processes are not by default transformative, but good practice can be important to transformative gender justice by providing redress for victim-survivors and affected communities, unsettling hierarchies and building accountability.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Los manuales de convivencia en las escuelas católicas colombianas(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) Beltrán Sánchez, SantiagoThe aspiration of state, ministerial and teacher institutions to achieve a school free of conflicts, quarrels and disruptions in Colombia is a challenge of yesteryear. In this way, behavioral regulation materializes historically through different texts (Carreño’s manual, catechisms, school regulations, to name a few), to the point of configuring the current manuals of coexistence, which seek in a procedural and instructional way to mitigate at all costs the violent demonstrations of the school. To enter into this problem, some characteristics of the coexistence manuals of Catholic schools will be presented, relating them to the debates on Colombian school coexistence. In this way, the present text seeks to distinguish the concept of civilization from that of culture, explaining the genesis of behavior and the current analysis perspectives, those that have the intention of solving the problem of coexistence from the discussion for what legislative or legal.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Resiliencia y memorias en Perú durante la pandemia(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) Romio, Silvia; Rivera Holguín, Miryam; Delmotte, Céline; Arenas Sotelo, Eric; Grard de Dubois, Christine; Piccoli, EmmanuellePeru is one of the countries most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, where the health crisis quickly provoked a serious socio-economic and political crisis. The fragile Peruvian state was unable to build an effective response to this multifaceted crisis, in this context, we defend the hypothesis that forms of affectivity, solidarity, memory and collective resilience related to the recent past (1980-1990) were reactivated in many rural and urban communities of the country. Based on a qualitative methodology, this article questions the role that the collective memory played in reactivating historical forms of community resilience at the local level. Based on three empirical cases (the rondas campesinas, the Covid commandos and the ollas comunes), we analyze how the memories of past violence and crises, as well as the responses to them, have offered original tools in certain communities to elaborate effective responses of resilience during the first months of the global pandemic. In this sense, we reflect and draw attention to the potential of setting up agency and resilience based on collective memory, which is framed is by the diversity of the cultural and local experiences.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Disociaciones en la interpretación de lo moderno en la ciudad(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) Córdova-Ramírez, MiguelModernity has interested various intellectuals from various disciplines, including those who are responsible for the design of buildings. However, how was it interpreted to be materialized is perceived as such? The growth of Lima real estate market has promoted the construction of new buildings with the largest offer in the south and southwest areas of the city, these so-called modern buildings are gradually replacing the pre-existing ones. Through a qualitative study, two streets with antagonistic facades in Lince, Jesus Maria and Santa Beatriz neighborhoods were compared to investigate how young adults interpreted this change in the city. It was revealed that their interpretation of modern was dissociated from what promoters put forward and a questioning of modern as a synonymous of progress for the city. It is concluded that building modern buildings does not make a modern city and to improve it, first, it is necessary to question if modernization is necessary.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Las dos muertes de la idea de progreso (1800-1968)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-12) Ribes, Alberto JavierThis article deals with the two deaths of the idea of progress, its ups and downs and developments and the consequences that this process had within solid modernity (1800-1968). The first death of the idea of progress occurred, then, in its own formulation; its program was converted into an extension and deepening of the present. The closure began at the end of the sixties, with a paradoxical turn towards the very abyss of the absolute present and daily life and has culminated in our days. Here is the second death of the idea of progress; murdered, this time, by abandonment.