Espacio y Desarrollo. Núm. 39 (2022)
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/186848
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado El Conocimiento Tradicional Ecológico Indígena y su papel en el blindaje de territorios étnicos y en el ordenamiento territorial de Leticia, Amazonas – Colombia(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-11) Pérez Cubillos, Camila MaríaIndigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge is used as a tool for the defense and vindication of territory by the indigenous communities located in the municipality of Leticia in the Colombian Amazon. These actions are the result of a series of socio-environmental tensions related to the territorial planning of this area, which has generated different territorial figures and problematic situations related to the productive and social activities of these communities. The indigenous population in question is composed of the ticuna, cocama, yagua, and other peoples that have settled in recent decades (muina Murui, muinane, bora, miraña, andoque and others), totaling 54 indigenous peoples in the municipality. This manuscript analyzes the situation of the communities in suburban areas who have small indigenous reserves or who are in process of requesting the declaration of this with the national government. Due to their location and history in this place, those families are becoming surrounded by areas of urban expansion and overlapped by other territorial entities or actors. Consequently, generating direct effects on the space available for housing, traditional cultivation and other productive and cultural activities. The vindication of Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge of these peoples is the basis for indigenous leaders and knowledgeable people in their struggle for the recognition of their territory and their problems with the government. At the same time, they wish to express their ways of conceiving the territory as a space for life, health and wellbeing that is achieved under their practices, rituals, ceremonies and ways of relating to the surrounding ecosystems. With the interest of defending and protecting their territory and in order to change the Amazon Forest Reserve into Indigenous Reserve, they have created significant alliances among their organizations and have reached out to both international as national regulations to achieve their goals and benefit the rights recognized in Colombia.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Planificación urbana con enfoque de desarrollo sostenible en un contexto de crecimiento turístico en Moche, Trujillo, Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-11) Corro Quintana, Silvana MercedesConsidering tourist activity as a potential phenomenon that generates sustainable development is strategic within an urban planning process. Tourism development planning for a locality and urban development planning are processes that can bring greater benefit to a district or province if they are carried out under an intersectoral perspective. Hence, how can the tourist assets of a territory undergoing urban growth such as Moche play a role in the urban planning of the environment and contribute to improving its spatial conditions from the sustainable development approach? For this, it is proposed that sustainable urban development considers the social, economic and environmental components as tourist attractions and assets for urban development. The problems of Moche in relation to tourism and its urban development are reviewed, and is reached a proposal of guidelines for the sustainable urban development of Moche, which ranges from the identification of assets, urban development strategies, identification of strategic projects for the urban development of Moche and scheme of intervention of actors. This methodology contributes to making visible the regenerative and organizing potential of the development of a tourist environment, as well as the value of incorporating the problem of tourism growth as an input for the preparation of guidelines that deal with the problem of urban development. Finally, valuing the tourist assets of a locality generates an awareness of their role in the urban planning process of that one.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Población Adulta Mayor en Colombia, 2020: índice de envejecimiento poblacional, relación de dependencia demográfica y afiliación en Salud(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-11) Fernández-Ortiz, Yesika Natali; Mora-Villalobos, Carlos AlbeiroDuring the last thirty years, the adult population over sixty years of age has had a constant increase as a proportion of the total national population. An important factor in studying the location and socioeconomic condition of this population segment is related to the demand for specialized health services. This article aims to "identify the municipal distribution of the Colombian adult population over sixty years old". Additionally, the population aging index and the demographic dependency ratio are calculated, and information is included on the regime and type of health affiliation by age group. Methodologically, a descriptive quantitative research was implemented using statistical information from DANE and SISPRO from the Ministry of Health. The results indicate that in 2020 Colombia had 6 808 641 adults over sixty years of age equivalent to 13.5% of the national population (45.03% men and 54.97% women), of which 76.8% were located in the municipal seat and 23.2% they were in populated centers and dispersed rural areas. The 48.2% of the population was affiliated to the subsidized health regime, 45.9% were from the contributory regime and 5.9% were part of the exception regimes. The national population aging index is 57.5 while the demographic dependency ratio was 58.8.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Economía Urbana y Expansión Metropolitana Estrategias de localización de los grupos empresariales en la Región Metropolitana de Belém(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-12) Veloso dos Santos, TiagoIn the context of urban expansion in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (MRB), we analyze the logic of action of certain business groups and the relationship with the trend of spreading of the urban-metropolitan fabric nucleated by the city of Belém. The analysis stems from the emergence of supermarket retail groups as an expression of a metropolitan economy organized around the modern tertiary sector, especially commerce and services, of which two business groups stand out, “Líder” and “Y. Yamada". Despite of acting to intensify the logic of metropolitan expansion, the groups act in a strategically different way in terms of locational choices. The methodological path of the research is comprised of three stages: systematic literature review, survey and document analysis, systematic field observations with subsequent production of cartography of the observed processes and statistical data collected.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Aplicación de un índice para la evaluación de la sustentabilidad de Sistemas de Saneamiento Rural en Leimebamba-Amazonas(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-11) Fujishima Martell, HugoThe rural water and sanitation systems are administered by district municipalities and community organizations, but the service provided by most of these systems has not been efficient, since the drinking water they offer is not healthy, safe, continuous, or fully social access, solid waste is not properly disposed of, wastewater is not treated and the natural sources that provide this service are not protected, so the comprehensive sustainability of these systems is not assured. The national norm establishes that in rural areas the district municipalities are in charge of providing water and sanitation services to the population in their jurisdiction, directly through the municipal management units (UGM) and indirectly through of community organizations such as the administrative boards of sanitation services (JASS), to which the municipality entrusts the responsibility but must provide them with technical assistance, training and supervision so that they can perform the service well. The district municipality of Leimebamba, in the province of Chachapoyas, department of Amazonas, is a local government in rural areas that is in charge of technical assistance, training and supervision of water and sanitation services provided by all seven communitarian organizations recognized as JASS by the mayor authority. The fulfilment of these municipal functions requires that the municipality has a set of capacities, resources, instruments, equipment and materials that allow it to assist, monitor and evaluate the integral and sustainable management that the JASS must develop during the provision of water services. and sanitation in their communities. An essential element to fulfil this guiding role is to have an instrument to periodically assess whether the management carried out by the JASS is implemented in a comprehensive and sustainable manner. To this end, this ongoing research is experimentally developing, together with the Municipal Technical Assistance Office (ATM) of Leimebamba, an index for evaluating the sustainability of rural sanitation systems in the district. This index considers the social, economic, environmental, technical and institutional dimensions as the most important aspects to assess the comprehensiveness and sustainability of rural sanitation systems, identifying in each of these dimensions the key factors and indicators to be taken into account. The index was subjected to expert judgment by 3 specialists using a Linkert scale to assess the clarity, coherence and relevance of the indicators. The values found in each allowed a selection of indicators, choosing 77 according to the experts' assessments. Likewise, the values obtained indicate that the index allows estimating the comprehensiveness and sustainability of rural sanitation systems. A first experimental application of this index has been carried out in the 2 main JASS of Leimebamba, the JASS Palmira that serves 512 residents and the JASS Dos de Mayo that serves 912, which together serve 75% of the rural population served. by JASS, the main reason why these two community organizations were selected as subjects of the experimental application. For this first application of the instrument, the index was compared with the information provided by the regional supervisory entity, SUNASS Amazonas in its supervision reports, and with the information obtained in the interviews held with the leaders of both JASS and the responsible municipal official. from the ATM office. The results of the application indicated that the sustainability levels of both JASS are at the stable level.Ítem Texto completo enlazado De Bosques Nacionales a Concesiones Forestales: estudio del Bosque Nacional Alexander von Humboldt desde una dimensión geohistórica (1960-2017)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2022-07-12) Dunin Borkwski, Ana Sabogal; Tavera Medina, Tarik; Seoane Byrne, Cristóbal; Pastor Sánchez, Pamela; Suarez Balcázar, Odalys; Arones Pariona, MelcyThe article revised the history of the Bosque Nacional Alexander von Humboldt in 1965. Since the first forestry law in 1963. The usage model of forest resources on the peruvian Amazon has been in constant evolution due to diverse drivers at multiple scales, as for example the changes in the country’s economic model. As a long process of changes on national politics framework of forest management, there has been a loss of important referents. A distinct example of this was the first forestry law with its tool on forest management: Bosques Nacionales (National Forests). The motive behind this research is to make evidence of the evolution process on the national politics of Bosques Nacionales by the case study of the Bosque Nacional Alexander von Humboldt by assessing spatial, economic and social dynamic at multiples scales of the constantly changing territory. We aim to comprehend the direct relationship between migratory flows associated to the demand on economic activities in respect to land use. Deforestation is operationalized as the relationship of multiples impacts (legal framework, creation of road axes and demographic growth) which will be approached with an interdisciplinary methodology that allows quantifying these changes in forest cover and building a model of future deforestation of the forest by the use of geographic information systems.