Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra. Vol. 06, Issue 02
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/194735
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JCC Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2013
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Ítem Acceso Abierto EU Competition Policy since 1990: How Substantial is the Degree of Convergence towards the U.S. Competition Policy?(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Bartalevich, DzmitryIn spite of the evidence of strong influence on the incorporation of policy provisions from the U.S. antitrust into the recent competition policy reforms in the European Union (EU), few considerable attempts have been made to analyze the influence of U.S. antitrust on EU competition policy in anticartel enforcement policies, antimonopoly regulation, and the regulation of mergers and acquisitions. The purpose of this article is to fill the gap by attempting to link EU competition policy with U.S. antitrust, provide a critical overview of the most important elements of European competition policy reforms, carry out a comparative analysis between EU and U.S. competition policies, detect convergence or divergence, and account for the degree of convergence and for the relevant mechanisms triggering convergence. The main focus is on the analysis of anticartel enforcement policy, antimonopoly policy, and merger control.Ítem Acceso Abierto Regional Competitiveness: Theories and Methodologies for Empirical Analysis(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Huggins, Robert; Izushi, Hiro; Thompson, PiersA significant forum of scholarly and practitioner-based research has developed in recent years that has sought both to theorize upon and empirically measure the competitiveness of regions. However, the disparate and fragmented nature of this work has led to the lack of a substantive theoretical foundation underpinning the various analyses and measurement methodologies employed. The aim of this paper is to place the regional competitiveness discourse within the context of theories of economic growth, and more particularly, those concerning regional economic growth. It is argued that regional competitiveness models are usually implicitly constructed in the lineage of endogenous growth frameworks, whereby deliberate investments in factors such as human capital and knowledge are considered to be key drivers of growth differentials. This leads to the suggestion that regional competitiveness can be usefully defined as the capacity and capability of regions to achieve economic growth relative to other regions at a similar overall stage of economic development, which will usually be within their own nation or continental bloc. The paper further assesses future avenues for theoretical and methodological exploration, highlighting the role of institutions, resilience and, well-being in understanding how the competitiveness of regions influences their long-term evolution.Ítem Acceso Abierto Subnational Competitiveness and National Performance: Analysis and Simulation for Indonesia(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Tan, Khee Giap; Amri, MulyaThe stable growth of Indonesia’s economy over the past eight years has provided momentum for investment in the country. One of the approaches taken by the central government is to allow healthy competition between its provinces. The Asia Competitiveness Institute (ACI) responds positively to that policy by ranking the competitiveness of Indonesia’s 33 provinces and providing simulation studies on how to improve each province’s competitiveness. ACI takes a comprehensive approach to the notion of provincial competitiveness, dissecting it from four major environments: macroeconomics, microeconomics, governance, and quality of life. Drawing on 91 indicators from formal sources as well as ACI’s own surveys and interviews, the study aggregates the indicators into 12 sub-environments, reaggregates them into four environments, and finally reaggregates them again into an overall competitiveness index. The conclusion highlights the high level of competitiveness in provinces where the country’s major urban regions are situated, as well as those closest to Singapore as the regional trading hub. Provinces endowed with natural resources also have the opportunity to be competitive, but not if they are wanting in aspects such as governance and quality of life. The study’s findings invite further research on more specific topics such as labor market flexibility and regional cooperation.Ítem Acceso Abierto The Centrality of Urban Economies to the Study of Competitiveness(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Kresl, PeterUrban competitiveness has become a primary focal point for the study of public policy during the past quarter century. As cities have become more exposed to challenges posed to their economic activity by other cities, hundreds or thousands of miles distant as well as the opportunities that are offered to them, it has become incumbent on city leaders, in public and private sector functions, to become more active and innovative. This paper examines this new and rapidly evolving global context, how it has influenced city competitiveness and what city leaders can do to ensure the economic future of their residents. It reviews both the meaning and the measurement of urban competitiveness structures in which city economies function and several major issues that arise from urban competitiveness.Ítem Acceso Abierto Measuring Competitiveness at the Subnational Level: The Case of 37 Nigerian States(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Iarossi, GiuseppeThe purpose of this paper is to present a new approach to estimate competitiveness at the subnational level and identify the most important policy reforms likely to foster competitiveness in a locality. The model builds on the literature that links competitiveness to productivity and exploits a number of design features of composite indicators that allow for: (a) modeling the latent and multidimensional nature of competitiveness, (b) rewarding the most progress in policy areas where performance is worse, and (c) ensuring that the composite indicator is not driven by data availability. The methodology is applied to estimate the competitiveness ranking among 37 Nigerian states. The same structural model is then used to simulate the effects of policy reforms and to identify, for each state, the three reforms with the highest impact on the country’s competitiveness standing. The ultimate purpose of this method is to spark a healthy debate at the subnational and national levels regarding the most important reforms needed to improve competitiveness and contribute to the productivity growth of the private sector in economies around the world.Ítem Acceso Abierto Monitoring Public Company Rankings for Investment Decisions: Are They Undervalued or Overvalued?(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Wu, Wei-Wen; Lan, Lawrence; Lee, Yu-TingThis study proposes a novel framework to monitor the rankings of public companies that are released periodically by worldwide business organizations. With different ranking rationales and diverse indicators, the released reports may not be comparable or suited to investment objectives. Therefore, this study introduces the DuPont model to derive well-recognized common investment indicators and then employs the data envelopment analysis (DEA) ranking method and the grey entropy (GE) ranking method to re-rank the listed companies. Both DEA and GE re-rankings are compared with the released rankings to generate a map of the DEA-gap versus the GE-gap to advise stock investors of undervalued or overvalued companies. As a demonstration, the proposed framework is applied to the case of Taiwan Info Tech 100 released by Business Next. It is thought that continual monitoring of public company rankings may promote business opportunities in the long run; hence, application of the proposed framework to develop favorable business models is further addressed in this study.Ítem Acceso Abierto Longitudinal and Comparative Perspectives on the Competitiveness of Countries: Learning from Technology and the Telecom Sector(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2013) Mittal, Sudhir; Momaya, Kirankumar; Agrawal, SushilCountry competitiveness is gaining importance across the world in the face of complex economic challenges. There is a need to revisit factors of competitiveness and evolve better evaluation methods. The linkage between technological and overall country competitiveness has not been sufficiently explored, particularly in the context of emerging countries. India is one of the leading large emerging countries, and it is trying to improve its overall competitiveness and growth through technology. The purpose of this paper is to present better criteria and indices of overall and technological competitiveness and to develop comparative views of the major countries. The data are compiled from best of competitiveness reports and other sources. Composite indices were developed to promote comparative perspectives. While emerging countries like Brazil, China, and Russia, which share similarities with India, have duly recognized the importance of innovation, technology development, and research and development, India needs to perform a major catch-up on technological competitiveness to sustain its long-term overall competitiveness. The emerging scenarios have rich insights and implications for discerning leadership in industry, governments, and academia. The paper provides longitudinal perspectives and rich, comparative, insightful views for leaders to plan actions to enhance technological and overall competitiveness.